Improvement of metal recovery by electrodialysis

Coagulant Recovery from Water Treatment Residuals: A Review of Applicable Technologies

“…If fouling can be controlled, the high concentrations of ions will reduce the resistance of the WTR stream compared to conventional ED feeds, such as brackish water. However, a far greater amount of ions require transportation for ED applied to WTR and, as Faradaic principles govern the process, the minimum electricity requirement and cost can be accurately predicted (Audinos, 1986). Using these principles and chemical prices, the overall cost of CR using ED can be calculated.…”

Separation and Concentration of Metals Present in Industrial Effluent and Sludge Samples by Using Electrodialysis, Coulometry, and Photocatalysis

“…The effluent was used as received, while a solution of the sludge to use in these studies was prepared as follows: 1.5 kg of powdered sludge was dissolved in 2 L concentrated HC1 (2,3). This acid solution, after complete neutralization of the carbonates, was filtered and diluted to 20 L. The analytical data pertinent to these samples are summarized in Table 1.…”

“…Modern methods include membrane processes such as reverse osmosis and electrodialysis (ED). They have been developed primarily for the desalination of saline water, but also find application for the treatment of industrial effluents (2,3). The electrodialysis technique is employed for the separation of electrolytes present in effluents.…”

Water recovery from acid mine drainage by electrodialysis

“…It is best to operate the ED tests with suspended solid concentrations that are less than 1 mg L À1 , thus the samples were treated by microfiltration through a 0.45 lm membrane prior to ED experiments (Audinos, 1986).…”