Separation and Concentration of Metals Present in Industrial Effluent and Sludge Samples by Using Electrodialysis, Coulometry, and Photocatalysis

Ramachandraiah, G.; Thampy, S. K.; Narayanan, P.K.; Chauhan, Divya; Rao, N. Nageswara; Indusekhar, V.K.

doi:10.1080/01496399608002214

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Fouling of ion-exchange membranes by inorganic or organic materials is a common feature. ,− This presumably occurs in the present investigations with the anion membrane, when the carboxylate RCOO - group faces its ionic charge toward the membrane, neutralizing ionic charges on the surface of the latter during operation, and stretches its nonionic alkyl group into the interfacial zone as depicted in Figure . Consequently, the resistance of the interfacial zone and mobility of RCOO - become functions of length and size of the alkyl group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…In the present paper, we studied the electrical responses of two interpolymer (one anion and another cation) ion-exchange membranes that have been developed and used in electrodialysis units for versatile applications − by the chronopotentiometric method using dilute solutions of strong and weak electrolytes. From the experimental data, the values of I τ 1/2 , permselectivity, and transference number corresponding to each type of membrane at each concentration of the strong/weak electrolyte have been studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electroassisted Transport Phenomenon of Strong and Weak Electrolytes across Ion-Exchange Membranes: Chronopotentiometric Study on Deactivation of Anion Exchange Membranes by Higher Homologous Monocarboxylates

Ramachandraiah

Ray

1997

J. Phys. Chem. B

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The electrical responses of two interpolymer ion-exchange (anion and cation) membranes have been investigated by chronopotentiometry in dilute solutions of NaCl, KCl, and HCl as strong electrolytes and a 75:25 mixture of (1 mM) RCOOH−RCOONa, where R = −H, −CH3, −CH2CH3, −CH2CH2CH3, and −CH(CH3)2 as weak electrolytes. The behavior of both of these membranes was nearly ideal in strong electrolytes. The performance of a cation membrane in weak electrolytes R = −H and −CH3 was as good as in NaCl/KCl and less satisfactory in others. On the other hand, the performance of an anion membrane in electrolytes R = −H and −CH3 was nearly identical to that in NaCl/KCl, but it steadily decreased as the length and size of the alkyl (−R) chain increased. The poor performance of the anion membrane in higher homologous carboxylates with R = −CH2CH3, −CH2CH2CH3, and −CH(CH3)2 has been attributed to fouling of the surface by the RCOO− groups next to the membrane in the interfacial zone on the diluate side and/or the choking of ion flow channels by these carboxylate ions on account of a long nonconductive alkyl chain on them. The parameters such as the potential drop across the membrane at the outset of each experiment, Iτ1/2, the permselectivity, and the transference number for both types of membranes in strong as well as in weak electrolytes were measured and compared. The transport across the anion membrane of OH- ions from either water autodissociation or hydrolysis step of RCOO- groups at the anion membrane surface was considered in both strong and weak electrolytes at the above optimum current densities. The fouled anion membrane was regenerated by rinsing with distilled water and equilibrating it with a strong electrolyte solution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroassisted Transport Phenomenon of Strong and Weak Electrolytes across Ion-Exchange Membranes: Chronopotentiometric Study on Deactivation of Anion Exchange Membranes by Higher Homologous Monocarboxylates

Ramachandraiah

Ray

1997

J. Phys. Chem. B

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“…The composition of metal in 1 ml of this solution was determined by running a differential pulse polarogram in 10 ml of 0.2 M ammonium citrate buffer at pH 3.0. The peak currents at Ϫ0.06 V for Cu(0)/Cu(II) and Ϫ0.48 V vs a saturated calomel electrode (SCE) for Pb(0)/Pb(II) were compared with those of standard samples and the contents of the respective metals were calculated (9).…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solution–Membrane Equilibrium at Metal-Deposited Cation-Exchange Membranes: Chronopotentiometric Characterization of Metal-Modified Membranes

Shahi

Prakash

Ramachandraiah

et al. 1999

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…Simultaneous determination of trace metals in industrial and domestic effluents and other water samples by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry has also been reported [4,6] . Metals present in industrial effluents and sludge samples have been separated and concentrated by using other techniques like electrodialysis, coulometry and photocatalysis [9] . However, less work has been done in the area of environmental chemistry especially on separation and quantitation of electroactive species present in industrial effluents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Quantitation of Manganese (II) and Iron (III) In An Industrial Effluent Using Differential Pulse Polarography

Trivedi¹

2012

IOSRJAC

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In the present study, a successful attempt has been made to develop a simple method for the simultaneous determination of manganese (II) and iron (III) in an industrial effluent using differential pulse polarography (DPP) technique. Quantification of manganese (II) and iron (III) was done in Triethanolamine and KOH as a supporting electrolyte. The polarogram recorded for the industrial effluent in triethanolamine and KOH showed two peaks at-0.3V and-0.82V vs. saturated calomel electrode which were confirmed to be of manganese (II) and iron (III) respectively by the method of standard addition. The linear working range for manganese (II) and iron (III) both was 1.408 µg/mL to 4.977 µg/mL. The proposed method was found to be simple, precise, and accurate and can be successfully applied for the analysis and simultaneous determination of manganese (II) and iron (III) in industrial effluents.

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Separation and Concentration of Metals Present in Industrial Effluent and Sludge Samples by Using Electrodialysis, Coulometry, and Photocatalysis

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Electroassisted Transport Phenomenon of Strong and Weak Electrolytes across Ion-Exchange Membranes: Chronopotentiometric Study on Deactivation of Anion Exchange Membranes by Higher Homologous Monocarboxylates

Electroassisted Transport Phenomenon of Strong and Weak Electrolytes across Ion-Exchange Membranes: Chronopotentiometric Study on Deactivation of Anion Exchange Membranes by Higher Homologous Monocarboxylates

Solution–Membrane Equilibrium at Metal-Deposited Cation-Exchange Membranes: Chronopotentiometric Characterization of Metal-Modified Membranes

Simultaneous Quantitation of Manganese (II) and Iron (III) In An Industrial Effluent Using Differential Pulse Polarography

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