Improvement in insulin resistance and favourable changes in plasma inflammatory adipokines after weight loss associated with two months’ consumption of a combination of bioactive food ingredients in overweight subjects

Abstract

This randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, 8 week trial assessed the efficacy on metabolic changes produced by a consumption of a combination of bioactive food ingredients (epigallocatechin gallate, capsaicins, piperine and l-carnitine) versus a placebo, as part of a therapeutic ‘lifestyle change’ diet, in 86 overweight subjects. Forty-one patients (2/14 F/M; age 43.7 ± 8.5; BMI 30.3 ± 3.5 kg/m2) were randomized to the supplemented group and 45 (29/16; age 40.7 ± 10.2; BMI 30.0 ± 2.7) to the control group. We observed that consumption of the dietary supplement was associated with a significantly greater decrease in insulin resistance, assessed by homostasis model assessment (p < 0.001), leptin/adiponectin ratio (p < 0.04), respiratory quotient (p < 0.008). LDL-cholesterol levels (p < 0.01). Moreover, statistically significant differences were recorded between the two groups in relation to urinary norepinephrine levels (p < 0.001). Leptin, ghrelin, C-reactive protein decreased and resting energy expenditure increased significantly in the supplemented group (p < 0.05, 0.03, 0.02 and 0,02 respectively), but not in the placebo group; adiponectin decreased significantly in the placebo group (0.001) but not in the supplemented group, although no statistical significance between the groups was elicited. BMI, fat mass (assessed by DXA) and vascular endothelial growth factor significantly decreased, whilst the resting energy expenditure/free fat mass significantly increased in both groups. In general, a greater change was recorded in the supplemented group compared to the placebo, although no statistically significant difference between the two groups was recorded. These results suggest that the combination of bioactive food ingredients studied might be useful for the treatment of obesity-related inflammatory metabolic dysfunctions.

The effect of green tea on inflammatory mediators: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials

“…Titles and abstracts of 813 articles were read, and 774 articles were excluded. By considering criteria for inclusion and exclusion, 22 articles were excluded due to following reasons: not having a control group ( N = 3; Alghadir, Gabr, & Al‐Eisa, ; Lee et al, ; Sung et al, ), intervention less than 1 day ( N = 3; Alexopoulos et al, ; Hsu et al, ; Koutelidakis et al, ), and using other nutrients beside green tea in the intervention group ( N = 16; Bakker et al, ; Braga et al, ; Cialdella‐Kam et al, ; de Jesus Romero‐Prado et al, ; Dominiak, McKinney, Heilbrun, & Sarkar, ; Kim et al, ; Madaric et al, ; Nieman et al, ; Nieman et al, ; Ormsbee et al, ; Peluso et al, ; Rondanelli et al, ; Rubio‐Perez, Albaladejo, Zafrilla, Vidal‐Guevara, & Morillas‐Ruiz, ; Scolaro et al, ; Soriano‐Maldonado, Hidalgo, Arteaga, de Pascual‐Teresa, & Nova, ; Thomas, Williams, Sharma, Chaudry, & Bellamy, ; Figure ). Therefore, 17 articles were included in our systematic review (Basu et al, ; Bogdanski et al, ; de Maat et al, ; Dower et al, ; Fukino et al, ; Fukino, Shimbo, Aoki, Okubo, & Iso, ; Gutierrez‐Salmean et al, ; Hu et al, ; Hussain, Habib Ur, & Akhtar, ; Mielgo‐Ayuso et al, ; Mombaini & Jafarirad, ; Nogueira, Nogueira Neto, Klein, & Sanjuliani, ; Oyama et al, ; Oyama, Maeda, Sasaki, et al, ; Ryu et al, ; Shin et al, ; Sone et al, ); because the article by Ryu et al () did not report baseline values, we did not include it in our meta‐analysis (Table ).…”

Triglyceride/HDL Ratio as a Screening Tool for Predicting Success at Reducing Anti-Diabetic Medications Following Weight Loss

“…Mechanistically, weight loss is accompanied by decreasing insulin resistance and hence better glycemic control [11]. This could explain the strong and independent association of TGL/HDL ratio, a marker of insulin resistance [7], with magnitude of weight loss, and thus with the higher probability of dose reductions of anti-diabetic medications that was observed (Table 3).…”

The Effect of Dietary Supplements Containing Green Tea, Capsaicin and Ginger Extracts on Weight Loss and Metabolic Profiles in Overweight Women: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

“…In addition, combined capsaicin and green tea intake suppressed hunger and increased satiety more during negative than during positive energy balance [8]. In another study, the consumption of a dietary supplement containing epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), capsaicins, piperine and L-carnitine for 8 weeks among overweight subjects decreased insulin resistance and LDL-cholesterol levels [9]. A significant decrease in body mass index (BMI), serum insulin, insulin resistance and a significant increase in insulin sensitivity were also seen following the administration of 2 g/day of ginger powder among obese women for 12 weeks [10].…”