Improved LEACH protocol based on efficient clustering in wireless sensor networks

Internet of Things (IoT) is a recent paradigm to improve human lifestyle. Nowadays, number devices are connected to the Internet drastically. Thus, the people can control and monitor the physical things in real-time without delay. The IoT plays a vital role in all kind of fields in our world such as agriculture, livestock, transport, and healthcare, grid system, connected home, elderly people carrying system, cypher physical system, retail, and intelligent systems. In IoT energy conservation is a challenging task, as the devices are made up of low-cost and low-power sensing devices and local processing. IoT networks have significant challenges in two areas: network lifespan and energy usage. Therefore, the clustering is a right choice to prolong the energy in the network. In LEACH clustering protocol, sometimes the same node acts as CH again and again probabilistically. To overcome these issues, this paper proposes the Energy-Aware Cluster-based Routing (EACR-LEACH) protocol in WSN based IoT. The Cluster Head (CH) selection is a crucial task in clustering protocol in WSN based IoT. In EACR-LEACH, the CH is selected by using the routing metrics, Residual Energy (RER), Number of Neighbors (NoN), Distance between Sensor Node and Sink (Distance) and Number of Time Node Act as CH (NTNACH). An extensive simulation is conducted on MATLAB 2019a. The accomplishment of EACR-LEACH is compared to LEACH and SE-LEACH. The proposed EACR-LEACH protocol extends the network's lifetime by 4%-8% and boosts throughput by 16%-24%.

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“…Gou et al [49] proposed an Energy-Efficient Clustering Routing (EECR) in WSN. The EECR is an improved version of the LEACH protocol.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

EACR-LEACH: Energy-Aware Cluster-based Routing Protocol for WSN Based IoT

Sankar¹,

Kirubasri²,

Alotaibi³

et al. 2022

Computers, Materials &Amp; Continua

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“…Several hierarchical cluster-based routing protocols were developed to make the network energy efficiency and prolong the lifetime of the network by considering different parameters such as energy, distance, coverage, mobility, density, etc. In the literature, many algorithms were proposed to deal with energy efficiency problems in specific domains [14]- [18]. Still, researches are conducted for combining different domains and develop a hybrid model that is more energy-efficient and prolong the network lifetime.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To select optimal cluster head many methods were proposed in the literature, some of them have purely based on probability and some variants on defined threshold values for the selection of cluster head [18]- [20]. The optimal number of cluster heads in the network is also important; better practice is to choose cluster head based on parameters that directly affect energy utilization as the main aim of CH selection is to reduce energy consumption and achieve optimal resource utilization.…”

Section: ) Cluster Head Selection and Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Energy-Efficient Mobility-Based Cluster Head Selection for Lifetime Enhancement of Wireless Sensor Networks

et al. 2020

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Wireless based sensor networks contain sensors for environment monitoring but have restricted resources. Many clustering protocols are designed to prolong network lifetime but have problems of inadequate cluster head selection criteria, fixed clustering, and static rounds which consume more energy. It is needed to develop an adaptive clustering strategy for better CH selection and load balancing. In this article, we introduced an energy-efficient mobility based cluster head selection mechanism to overcome these limitations. CH selection is based on dedicated parameters that have a huge impact on the sensor energy consumption. The weightage of each node is calculated on the base of the node's mobility level, residual energy, distance to sink, and density of neighbors. Inter-cluster communication uses single-hop/multi-hop. MATLAB is used to perform simulations. Results show that the proposed approach EEMCS performs better as compared to the existing algorithms CRPD, LEACH, and MODLEACH in terms of load balancing, network stability, energy depletion, and throughput. Energy utilization in the case of EEMCS is much less and the network lifetime is greater than other existing protocols.

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“…Gou, et al, in 2019 [7] defined an energy efficient clustering routing (EECR) method for wireless sensor networks. The suggested method improves upon the LEACH algorithm at the cluster formation stage, as it uses four sub-thresholds, all of which, when designed, depend on the amount of remaining power in the nodes, the number of nodes that represent the CHs, the distance to the base station, and the cycle number in which the node becomes a CH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of LEACH Protocol for WSNs in Terms of Energy Efficient and Network Lifetime

Salman

Mohammed

Mutar

2023

JCSANDM

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Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a group of small, intelligent sensors with limited resources. WSN has limited energy restrictions, so, the network lifetime is the major challenge that directly affect the efficiency of the network. This work presents an energy-saving clustering hierarchical algorithm for WSNs; it is an improvement of Low-Energy adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) algorithm. The aim of this algorithm is to minimize power consumption by the appropriate election of new cluster heads in every data transfer round and avoid network collisions. This goal achieved by using an efficient function to select the best cluster heads nodes in each round, which takes into account the current energy in the sensors. The proposed algorithm improves the cluster formation process by relying on the shorter distance to the base station. The Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) mechanism also utilized to schedule the transmission of data packets to cluster heads nodes and to avoid data packet collisions at the base station. Experiments conducted in MATLAB R (2020a) software showed that the suggested algorithm extended the network lifetime by 14.5%, and improved the network throughput by 16.8% compared to the LEACH algorithm. That means, the proposed energy-saving clustering hierarchy algorithm has improved the performance of the LEACH algorithm in term of enhancing network lifetime and increasing network throughput.

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Improved LEACH protocol based on efficient clustering in wireless sensor networks

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

EACR-LEACH: Energy-Aware Cluster-based Routing Protocol for WSN Based IoT

EACR-LEACH: Energy-Aware Cluster-based Routing Protocol for WSN Based IoT

An Energy-Efficient Mobility-Based Cluster Head Selection for Lifetime Enhancement of Wireless Sensor Networks

Optimization of LEACH Protocol for WSNs in Terms of Energy Efficient and Network Lifetime

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