Improved immunization practices reduce childhood hepatitis B infection in Tonga

Danielsson, Niklas; Fakakovikaetau, Toakase; Szegedi, Edit

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.05.051

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…[27,28] However, there have been a variety of schedules for the initial passive–active immunization of the newborn, which vary anywhere from 3 to 24 hours after birth. [15,17,29–32] Previous data from liver biopsies indicated that more than 2 hours is required for HBV to infect healthy liver cells [33] ; therefore, the first injection of HBIG and the hepatitis B vaccine must be administered as early as possible after birth. [11] In our study, the first dose of hepatitis vaccine and HBIG was required to be administered simultaneously within 2 hours after birth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of an improved immunization practice of mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus and risk factors associated with immunoprophylaxis failure

Wang¹,

Wang

Jia

et al. 2016

Medicine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of an improved immunization practice of mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus and risk factors associated with immunoprophylaxis failure

Wang¹,

Wang

Jia

et al. 2016

Medicine

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“…78 While birth dose HBV vaccination is currently recommended by the WHO, there are scant data to demonstrate compliance with this in many PICT. Studies and WHO data report birth dose vaccination rates as 24% in the Solomon Islands, 31% in PNG, 48-87% in Micronesia 33 and 99.1% in Tonga 41,79 The study by Wilson et al 32 found birth dose vaccination was only given in 43% of cases in Kiribati and 92% of cases in Tonga. A more recent study by Danielsson et al 41 reported excellent vaccination coverage of 99.1% in 375 Tongan children, with 91.9% receiving their first dose within 24 h of birth.…”

Section: Hbv Prevention Strategies In Pictmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only 0.8% of children under 5 years of age were HBsAg positive, clearly demonstrating that high birth dose vaccination coverage can significantly reduce HBsAg prevalence. 41 A study by Bialek et al 33 evaluated birth dose (< 24 h of birth) HBV vaccine delivery in 871 infants in the Marshall Islands and Micronesia. They found birth dose vaccination was 48% in Chuuk, 87% in Pohnpei (both Micronesia) and 49% in the Marshall Islands.…”

Section: Hbv Prevention Strategies In Pictmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 A summary of available data is outlined in Table 1 and Figure 3 and highlights areas where more data are urgently needed. [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] Most studies on HBsAg prevalence in the region were published in the 1970s and 1980s, when HBsAg detection measures were far less sensitive than current technologies, and these have been excluded from this review. Many of the studies identified were small cross-sectional studies with potential selection bias; therefore, caution must be taken in interpreting the data to the broader PICT population.…”

Section: Hbv Prevalence In Pictmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An overview of hepatitis B prevalence, prevention, and management in the Pacific Islands and Territories

Howell

Gemert

Lemoine

et al. 2014

J of Gastro and Hepatol

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There are over 500-750 000 deaths per year because of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related cirrhosis and liver cancer worldwide and the World Health Organization Western Pacific Region has some of the highest endemic levels of HBV in the world, particularly within China, South East Asia and Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICT). The PICT have unique ethnic diversity and a very high prevalence of smoking and metabolic syndrome, both important risk factors for liver fibrosis and liver cancer. However, in contrast to many Asian countries, there is little published data on HBV prevalence and related liver disease burden in PICT. In this review, the available published literature and World Health Organization data for HBV prevalence and related liver disease and liver cancer burden in PICT is outlined, and unmet needs for improving HBV prevention and control in the region are highlighted.

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“…Routine childhood vaccinations against tuberculosis, polio, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, measles, hepatitis B and haemophilus influenza B have been shown to be effective in protecting children against these diseases in low and middle income countries (LMIC) [1-3]. These vaccinations are highly cost-effective with respect to life years saved [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal education is associated with vaccination status of infants less than 6 months in Eastern Uganda: a cohort study

et al. 2010

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BackgroundDespite provision of free childhood vaccinations, less than half of all Ugandan infants are fully vaccinated. This study compares women with some secondary schooling to those with only primary schooling with regard to their infants' vaccination status.MethodsA community-based prospective cohort study conducted between January 2006 and May 2008 in which 696 pregnant women were followed up to 24 weeks post partum. Information was collected on the mothers' education and vaccination status of the infants.ResultsAt 24 weeks, the following vaccinations had been received: bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG): 92%; polio-1: 91%; Diphteria-Pertussis-Tetanus-Hepatitis B-Haemophilus Influenza b (DPT-HB-Hib) 3 and polio-3: 63%. About 51% of the infants were fully vaccinated (i.e., had received all the scheduled vaccinations: BCG, polio 0, polio 1, DPT-HB-Hib1, polio 2, DPT-HB-Hib 2, polio 3 and DPT-HB-Hib 3). Only 46% of the infants whose mothers' had 5-7 years of primary education had been fully vaccinated compared to 65% of the infants whose mothers' had some secondary education. Infants whose mothers had some secondary education were less likely to miss the DPT-HB-Hib-2 vaccine (RR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3, 0.8), Polio-2 (RR: 0.4, 95%CI: 0.3, 0.7), polio-3 (RR: 0.5, 95%CI: 0.4, 0.7) and DPT-HB-Hib-3 (RR: 0.5, 95%CI: 0.4, 0.7). Other factors showing some association with a reduced risk of missed vaccinations were delivery at a health facility (RR = 0.8; 95%CI: 0.7, 1.0) and use of a mosquito net (RR: 0.8; 95%CI: 0.7, 1.0).ConclusionInfants whose mothers had a secondary education were at least 50% less likely to miss scheduled vaccinations compared to those whose mothers only had primary education. Strategies for childhood vaccinations should specifically target women with low formal education.

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Improved immunization practices reduce childhood hepatitis B infection in Tonga

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

Protective effect of an improved immunization practice of mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus and risk factors associated with immunoprophylaxis failure

Protective effect of an improved immunization practice of mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus and risk factors associated with immunoprophylaxis failure

An overview of hepatitis B prevalence, prevention, and management in the Pacific Islands and Territories

Maternal education is associated with vaccination status of infants less than 6 months in Eastern Uganda: a cohort study

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