Importancia de la determinación de la humedad en estudios de infiltración y escorrentía superficial para períodos largos

Abstract

Importancia de la determinación de la humedad en estudios de infiltración y escorrentía superficial para períodos largos (http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.188) ABSTRACTThe determination of the natural soil moisture is essential to solve problems related to irrigation water requirements, environmental considerations, and determination of surplus water. For the determination of runoff one can adopt models that consider exclusively the infiltration as a loss or one could use computational models of infiltration to model the infiltrated water. Models based on the infiltration calculation consider well the interaction REYNA, T.; REYNA, S.; LÁBAQUE, M.; FULGINITI, F.; RIHA, C.; LINARES, J. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Universidad Nacional Córdoba. Importancia de la determinación de la humedad en estudios de infiltración y escorrentía superficial para períodos largos. Ambi-Agua, Taubaté, v. 6, n. 2, p. 91-110, 2011. (doi:10.4136/ambi-agua.188) 92 between infiltration -runoff processes and provide additional information on the phenomenon of infiltration which establishes the existing conditions of moisture in the soil before the occurrence of a new event (simulation for long periods). These models require solving Richards's equation and for this purpose it is necessary to determine the relation between the soil moisture -suction and hydraulic conductivity -suction which require the determination of the hydraulic properties that can be obtained by measuring the water content by moisture profiles. The aim of this study was the verification of these moisture curves in loessic soils in the south of the city of Cordoba, Argentina. To do this, measurements were done and compared with results of infiltration models based on the determined hydraulic functions. The measurements were done using three probes installed at different depths. The results showed that the values obtained with NETRAIN adequately represent the behavior of wetting and drying conditions of the studied soil.The determination of these curves provided a basis for future studies that include the advancement of agricultural chemicals in the soil and its potential capacity to pollute groundwater, fundamental issue to define environmental management policies.

Quality Indicators in Three Coffee Production Agrosystems

“…In contrast, the banana crop is deciduous, so its vegetation cover is temporary, causing a similar shade behavior to CS and similar wetting and drying cycles. Soil moisture is an important indicator for proper plant development and growth; it increases coffee crop yield and functions as a temperature regulator (Reyna et al, 2011;Romero Fernández et al, 2023). This was consistent with the temperature in CM (22.6 ºC,) which was lower than CB (26.5 ºC) and CS (29.3 ºC) (data not reported).…”

Efecto de la altitud, orientación y pendiente del terreno sobre la distribución de macrohongos en un bosque tropical caducifolio de la costa de Oaxaca, México

“…En terrenos con pendientes pronunciadas, el agua tiende a moverse más rápido hacia las partes bajas lo que ocasiona un aumento en la escorrentía superficial, esto significa que el agua fluye sobre la superficie en lugar de infiltrarse en el suelo (Reyna et al, 2010;Shaxson & Barber, 2005). Esta condición genera que la concentración de humedad y disponibilidad de agua sea menor en las partes más altas de las laderas, de manera particular aquellas con pendientes fuertes y escarpadas, lo cual explicaría el por qué en el área de estudio la diversidad de especies es menor en ese tipo de pendientes, ya que la capacidad de retención de agua condiciona la fructificación de los hongos; además, en los terrenos con pendientes muy pronunciadas, los riesgos de erosión son más elevados y por lo tanto una menor capacidad de retención de nutrientes.…”