Implicación bacteriana en la otitis media serosa infantil

Martínez, Isabel de Miguel; Macías, Ángel Ramos; Palau, Elisabeth Masgoret

doi:10.1016/s0001-6519(07)74957-9

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…β-lactamase positive strains of H . influenzae were reported for 12% and 40% of strains isolated from OME/COME patients in England [ 63 ] and Spain [ 67 ], respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predominant Bacteria Detected from the Middle Ear Fluid of Children Experiencing Otitis Media: A Systematic Review

et al. 2016

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BackgroundOtitis media (OM) is amongst the most common childhood diseases and is associated with multiple microbial pathogens within the middle ear. Global and temporal monitoring of predominant bacterial pathogens is important to inform new treatment strategies, vaccine development and to monitor the impact of vaccine implementation to improve progress toward global OM prevention.MethodsA systematic review of published reports of microbiology of acute otitis media (AOM) and otitis media with effusion (OME) from January, 1970 to August 2014, was performed using PubMed databases.ResultsThis review confirmed that Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, remain the predominant bacterial pathogens, with S. pneumoniae the predominant bacterium in the majority reports from AOM patients. In contrast, H. influenzae was the predominant bacterium for patients experiencing chronic OME, recurrent AOM and AOM with treatment failure. This result was consistent, even where improved detection sensitivity from the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) rather than bacterial culture was conducted. On average, PCR analyses increased the frequency of detection of S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae 3.2 fold compared to culture, whilst Moraxella catarrhalis was 4.5 times more frequently identified by PCR. Molecular methods can also improve monitoring of regional changes in the serotypes and identification frequency of S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae over time or after vaccine implementation, such as after introduction of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.ConclusionsGlobally, S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae remain the predominant otopathogens associated with OM as identified through bacterial culture; however, molecular methods continue to improve the frequency and accuracy of detection of individual serotypes. Ongoing monitoring with appropriate detection methods for OM pathogens can support development of improved vaccines to provide protection from the complex combination of otopathogens within the middle ear, ultimately aiming to reduce the risk of chronic and recurrent OM in vulnerable populations.

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“…β-lactamase positive strains of H . influenzae were reported for 12% and 40% of strains isolated from OME/COME patients in England [ 63 ] and Spain [ 67 ], respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…otitidis within MEF samples from patients with OM requires more than 3 days in culture, thus PCR analysis of MEF samples has improved detection of this organism and has resulted in consideration of A . otitidis having a role in OM pathogenesis [ 58 , 67 , 74 , 119 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predominant Bacteria Detected from the Middle Ear Fluid of Children Experiencing Otitis Media: A Systematic Review

et al. 2016

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“…12 This bacterium is not identified by conventional culture because it requires about 5 days of growth. Since its discovery A. otitidis has been detected by culture in only a few studies, 13–15 and mostly by PCR from OME patients. 10,16–21 A. otitidis has only been described in 2 studies in AOM patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Assay for Four Bacterial Species Including Alloiococcus otitidis Using Multiplex-PCR in Children With Culture Negative Acute Otitis Media

Kaur¹,

Adlowitz²,

Casey³

et al. 2010

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Background The 3 most commonly encountered bacteria in acute otitis media (AOM) are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. Conventional culture methods detect these pathogens in only 60% to 70% of cases of AOM. Alloiococcus otitidis, another potential pathogen, has often been ignored. Methods Tympanocentesis was performed in 97 children with AOM presenting with a bulging tympanic membrane (TM) producing 170 middle ear fluids (MEFs). S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, and A. otitidis were isolated in 21%, 32%, 8%, and 0% of MEFs, respectively; no otopathogen was isolated in 29% of MEFs. In nasopharyngeal cultures at the time of AOM diagnosis, 34%, 36%, 17%, and 0% and in oropharyngeal cultures, 7%, 31%, 11%, and 0% grew S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, and A. otitidis, respectively. No otopathogen was isolated in 23% of nasopharyngeal and 20% of oropharyngeal cultures. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect DNA of the 4 bacterial species in culture negative samples. Results All culture-positive MEF, nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal samples tested were also multiplex-PCR positive, indicating the reliability of the method. Culture-negative samples of MEF from children with a bulging TM yielded S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, and A. otitidis DNA in 51%, 35%, 14%, and 32% of MEF, in 45%, 31%, 10%, and 9% of nasopharyngeal and in 31%, 23%, 0%, and 3% of oropharyngeal, respectively. In 9% of the cases A. otitidis DNA was found without detection of a second organism in MEF. Conclusions Conventional culture detected otopathogens in MEF of children with a bulging TM in 71%; using multiplex-PCR, otopathogens were detected in 88% of MEF (P < 0.01). Similar improved detection of otopathogens was noted with nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal cultures.

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“…The presence of fluid in the middle ear without symptoms or signs of infection is defined as otitis media with effusion (OME). Otitis media with effusion is different from acute otitis media because it is characterized by the presence of fluid in the middle ear accompanied by signs of acute inflammation of the middle ear ( 1 ). It is a disease caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial pathogens in the middle ear of infants or children ( 2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Alloiococcus otitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae in Children With Otitis Media With Effusion

Sheikh

Saki

Roointan

et al. 2015

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background:Based on many studies, otitis media with effusion (OME) is one of the major causes of childhood hearing loss, social malformation and medical costs. The pathogenesis still remains unclear, though it is known that this complication is closely related to bacterial infections. Alloiococcus otitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis are the most common bacterial pathogens isolated from middle ear effusions (MEEs).Objectives:Due to the prevalence of OME in children, we decided to investigate bacterial agents that cause diseases such as A. otitidis, H. influenzae, S. pneumonia and M. catarrhalis in these subjects.Patients and Methods:Forty-five children between one and 15 years of age were selected for this study. Seventy specimens were collected from MEE by myringotomy and inoculated in PBS buffer. Conventional culture and PCR methods were used for identification of bacterial agents.Results:The bacterial cultures in 8.6% of samples were positive by conventional culture, with A. otitidis, M. catarrhalis and S. pneumoniae present in 1.4%, 2.9% and 4.3% of samples, respectively. No H. influenzae was isolated. By the PCR method, A. otitidis was the most frequently isolated bacterium, found in 25.7% of samples, followed by S. pneumoniae, M. catarrhalis and H. influenzae, which were identified in 20%, 12% and 20% of samples, respectively. Overall, 55 out of 70 samples were positive by both the PCR and culture method.Conclusions:It can be concluded that A. otitidis was the major causative agent of MEE in children with OME. Therefore clinicians should be aware that bacterial infection plays an important role in the progression of acute otitis media to OME in children of our region.

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Implicación bacteriana en la otitis media serosa infantil

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Predominant Bacteria Detected from the Middle Ear Fluid of Children Experiencing Otitis Media: A Systematic Review

Predominant Bacteria Detected from the Middle Ear Fluid of Children Experiencing Otitis Media: A Systematic Review

Simultaneous Assay for Four Bacterial Species Including Alloiococcus otitidis Using Multiplex-PCR in Children With Culture Negative Acute Otitis Media

Identification of Alloiococcus otitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae in Children With Otitis Media With Effusion

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