Implementation Challenges and Opportunities in Beyond-5G and 6G Communication

Gustavsson, Ulf; Frenger, Pål; Fager, Christian; Eriksson, Thomas; Zirath, Herbert; Dielacher, Franz; Studer, Christoph; Pärssinen, Aarno; Correia, Ricardo; Matos, João N.; Belo, Daniel; Carvalho, Nuno Borges

doi:10.1109/jmw.2020.3034648

Cited by 109 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The literature has reported several challenges, including the difficulty in generating the output power with the increased frequency, due to, for example, the Johnson limit [111]. Moreover, the challenge of powering the massive networks that are envisaged to connect the millions of devices required, and providing coverage across all potential locations at any point in time was reported [112].…”

Section: Challenges and Opportunities In The Context Of 6gmentioning

confidence: 99%

6G Opportunities Arising from Internet of Things Use Cases: A Review Paper

et al. 2021

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The race for the 6th generation of wireless networks (6G) has begun. Researchers around the world have started to explore the best solutions for the challenges that the previous generations have experienced. To provide the readers with a clear map of the current developments, several review papers shared their vision and critically evaluated the state of the art. However, most of the work is based on general observations and the big picture vision, and lack the practical implementation challenges of the Internet of Things (IoT) use cases. This paper takes a novel approach in the review, as we present a sample of IoT use cases that are representative of a wide variety of its implementations. The chosen use cases are from the most research-active sectors that can benefit from 6G and its enabling technologies. These sectors are healthcare, smart grid, transport, and Industry 4.0. Additionally, we identified some of the practical challenges and the lessons learned in the implementation of these use cases. The review highlights the cases’ main requirements and how they overlap with the key drivers for the future generation of wireless networks.

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Section: Challenges and Opportunities In The Context Of 6gmentioning

confidence: 99%

6G Opportunities Arising from Internet of Things Use Cases: A Review Paper

et al. 2021

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“…However, for highly-integrated RF systems, there is a growing need for silicon-based implementations. Low-cost is absolutely key for the industry involved, and planar printed antenna with silicon-based RF and processing circuits, like RFCMOS and BiCMOS, are a clear option [35]. To this aim, several successful monolithic CMOS Butler matrix designs were reported in the literature [89]- [91].…”

Section: Orthogonal Beamforming Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, in a multi-user scenario, most systems have proposed a multiplicity of single beam antenna arrays, each serving a different user [3]. Later, with the development of the Multi-User Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) concept [4] and with the introduction of the Therefore, the future of both space and cellular communications will need more flexibility, frequency re-use (through spatial multiplexing) and power efficiency at space and ground levels with low complexity [20], [35]. The antenna challenges are to limit gain and power efficiency losses due to array amplitude tapers, beam cross-overs, and to greatly reduce the side lobe interference accumulation at each user, occurring in current systems employing multiple beam forming matrices [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthogonal Versus Zero-Forced Beamforming in Multibeam Antenna Systems: Review and Challenges for Future Wireless Networks

et al. 2021

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Orthogonality in multibeam antennas is revisited. The difference between orthogonal beamforming and zero-forced beamforming is highlighted. The intriguing relation between orthogonality, reciprocity and losses is recapitulated. Different approaches on the design of orthogonal beamforming networks and implementation of zero-forced beamforming strategies are shown with various examples from the antenna-research-oriented literature. The use of orthogonal and zero-forced beamforming is discussed from the communication system perspective with relevant studies from diverse disciplines. Some of the future research challenges and potential benefits are outlined for the next generation satellite and cellular communication applications.

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“…This is due to the significant amount of FSPL produced by atmospheric and rain attenuation losses. To overcome these propagation losses, a larger number of base stations need be installed, albeit with smaller antennas than those used by previous generations of mobile technology [21], [22].…”

Section: Figure 2 Low Medium and High Spectrum Data Transfer And Coverage Capacitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

5G technology deployment in Latin America: An analysis of public policy and regulation environment

Arias¹,

Salado²,

Medina³

et al. 2021

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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5G has become a reality in Latin America and it is expected to boost the digital revolution with key capabilities, including higher speeds and ultra-low latency, thus enabling innovative solutions and socioeconomic development. But its deployment faces many challenges related to, among other factors, spectrum allocation and infrastructure deployment. In this work we assess the current public policy and regulatory environment in Latin America regarding the adoption and deployment of 5G technology, considering mainly the above-mentioned challenges. From the analysis, it is possible to note that Latin American countries exhibit different levels of commitment and progress in 5G deployment since, for example, the spectrum allocation and assignment for 5G is still underway, and many regulations hamper instead to facilitate the implementation of 5G networks. On the other hand, the analysis confirms the necessity of having public policies and regulations which define flexible, efficient and transparent processes for all aspects related to 5G deployment.

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Implementation Challenges and Opportunities in Beyond-5G and 6G Communication

Cited by 109 publications

References 75 publications

6G Opportunities Arising from Internet of Things Use Cases: A Review Paper

6G Opportunities Arising from Internet of Things Use Cases: A Review Paper

Orthogonal Versus Zero-Forced Beamforming in Multibeam Antenna Systems: Review and Challenges for Future Wireless Networks

5G technology deployment in Latin America: An analysis of public policy and regulation environment

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