Orthogonal Versus Zero-Forced Beamforming in Multibeam Antenna Systems: Review and Challenges for Future Wireless Networks

Aslan, Yanki; Rœderer, A.; Fonseca, Nelson J. G.; Angeletti, Piero; Yarovoy, Alexander

doi:10.1109/jmw.2021.3109244

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 128 publications

(119 reference statements)

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“…This solution uses loaded transmission lines to produce a travelling wave operation, like in some leaky-wave antennas. Shortly after, the Butler matrix was proposed [149] which provides a theoretically lossless design [150]. This solution shows the tight link between beamforming theory and signal processing theory, as the concept behind the But-ler matrix is equivalent to the Fast Fourier Transform [151].…”

Section: Passive Beamforming Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronically Steerable Antennas for Future Heterogeneous Communication Networks: Review and Perspectives

et al. 2022

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Satellite, fifth generation (5G), and sixth generation (6G) mobile communication systems operating at micro-and millimeter wave frequencies are an essential pillar in advanced network architectures for high-throughput low latency services. The decisive factors for this current development were the significant technological advances accomplished over the last two decades, which meanwhile enable highly integrated, feature-rich, and cost-effective realizations of complete phased array transceiver topologies. Motivated through the today's trend for heterogeneous constellation types to provide truly global coverage, this contribution reviews the current state-of-the-art of electronically steerable antennas for terrestrial and non-terrestrial communication systems up to 100 GHz. First, the potential benefits and limitations of the most relevant technologies are contrasted and put into context with recent system architectures for adaptive beamforming. Their operating principles along with various experimental implementation and achievements providing advanced capabilities such as multi-band/multi-beam operation, polarization agility, and wideangle scanning are thoroughly presented. Particular emphasis is laid on the review of direct radiating arrays, quasi-optical antenna configurations, and metasurface-based antennas.INDEX TERMS Satellite communications on the move (SOTM), fifth generation (5G), sixth generation (6G), hybrid satellite constellations, aerial networks, electronic steering, phased array, antennas.This article has been accepted for inclusion in a future issue of this journal. Content is final as presented, with the exception of pagination. TOBIAS CHALOUN (Member, IEEE) received the Dipl.-Ing. degree and the Dr.-Ing. degree (with hons.

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Section: Passive Beamforming Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronically Steerable Antennas for Future Heterogeneous Communication Networks: Review and Perspectives

et al. 2022

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“…The coupling ratios range from −1.6 dB to 1.6 dB and the phase shifts from −195 • to −140 • . This design has the added benefit of transferring no power to matched loads on transmit, making it lossless on transmit [27], [28].…”

Section: Feed-network Response and Chequered-network Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Analysis of a Proof-of-Concept Checkered-Network Compressive Array

Laue

Plessis

2022

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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Compressive arrays have recently been proposed as a new technique for reducing the number of controls in a beamforming system for a given array aperture, promising improved performance over existing thinned-array and subarray techniques. Chequered networks, feed networks consisting of interconnected couplers and fixed phase shifters, have been suggested for realising the required overlapped subarrays. Although a chequered network has previously been implemented in microstrip, an integrated compressive array, comprising both the antenna elements and the feed network, is required to demonstrate the practical feasibility of such systems. Results for the first successfully manufactured chequered-network compressive array with integrated antenna elements are presented, thereby showing that compressive arrays are promising for use in a variety of real-world beamforming applications. Analysis of the results shows that steered-beam squint is a greater issue than previously assumed, and design guidelines are presented for minimising the risk of excessive steered-beam squint in manufactured compressive arrays.

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“…The purpose of this is to effectively avoid the occurrence of frequency aliasing. The signal modulation can be described as SRC (0.2, 1), and the 5th to 13th sub-beams are preferred, as they minimize the probability of interference in other systems in the ISM frequency band [42][43][44].…”

Section: Satellite-based Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Signal Design and Performance Analysis in NavCom Based on LEO Constellation

Liu

Chen

et al. 2021

Sensors

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The mega-launch of low Earth orbit satellites (LEOs) represents a critical opportunity to integrate navigation and communication (NavCom), but first, challenges related to signal design must be overcome. This article proposes a novel signal scheme named CE-OFDM-PM. Via research on the in-band or adjacent band, it was found that the proposed signal scheme was suitable for S-band and had a wide normalized power spectrum density (PSD), high peak-to-side lobe ratio (PSR), and multiple peaks in autocorrelation. In an analysis of the simulation performance evaluation in navigation and communication, it is found that the proposed signal scheme has the potential for high accuracy, a code tracking accuracy of up to 0.85 m, a small mutual influence between the proposed signal scheme and other schemes, excellent anti-interference properties, and a better performance at both short and long distances in terms of its anti-multipath capability. Furthermore, the proposed signal scheme shows the ability to communicate between satellites and the ground and is outstanding in terms of its bit error rate (BER), CNR, and energy per bit to noise power spectral density ratio (Eb/N0). From the technical, theoretical, and application perspectives, our proposed signal scheme has potential as an alternative scheme in future BDS, PNTs, and even 5G/B5G.

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Orthogonal Versus Zero-Forced Beamforming in Multibeam Antenna Systems: Review and Challenges for Future Wireless Networks

Cited by 21 publications

References 128 publications

Electronically Steerable Antennas for Future Heterogeneous Communication Networks: Review and Perspectives

Electronically Steerable Antennas for Future Heterogeneous Communication Networks: Review and Perspectives

Design and Analysis of a Proof-of-Concept Checkered-Network Compressive Array

A Novel Signal Design and Performance Analysis in NavCom Based on LEO Constellation

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