Impairment of cognitive performance associated with dieting and high levels of dietary restraint

Green, Michael W.; Rogers, Peter J.; Elliman, Nicola A.; Gatenby, Susan J.

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(94)90099-x

Cited by 119 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Whereas poorer immediate memory was found in the short-term, self-imposed dieting studies, 3,5 no such change was found with long-term caloric restriction in either this study or the Minnesota study. 13 Rather, in this study recall performance signi®cantly improved at the end of caloric restriction ( 24%) and then readily reversed to baseline levels upon restoration of suf®cient calories to maintain body weight.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

“…13 Rather, in this study recall performance signi®cantly improved at the end of caloric restriction ( 24%) and then readily reversed to baseline levels upon restoration of suf®cient calories to maintain body weight. It could be that if changes in immediate memory occur, as reported in the earlier studies, 3,5 they occur only during the early weeks of dieting. In this study, subjects with the greatest body weight loss after 5 weeks of caloric restriction had the lowest two second word recall scores (r 0.72, P 0.004), however, this relationship was not found after 10 or 15 weeks of caloric restriction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…3,5 The sustained attention task employed in those studies was the Bakan vigilance test, a high processing load attention task. Contrary to those studies, no signi®cant change in Bakan vigilance task performance was found in this study in which the Bakan testing was begun ®ve weeks into the dieting period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is also evidence that self-imposed dieting regimes undertaken to lose weight are associated with alterations in cognitive processing such as poorer sustained attention, 1,3 diminished immediate recall and longer simple reaction times. 3 Further, it has been found that, within the same individuals performance on a cognitive function task battery was poorer when they reported themselves as currently dieting than when they reported themselves as not currently dieting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Further, it has been found that, within the same individuals performance on a cognitive function task battery was poorer when they reported themselves as currently dieting than when they reported themselves as not currently dieting. 5 This demonstrates that the processing impairments were associated with self-imposed dieting per se, rather than being due to pre-existing differences between dieters and non-dieters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive effects of a long-term weight reducing diet

et al. 1997

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate if long-term caloric restriction under controlled conditions adversely affects cognitive function in obese women. SUBJECTS: Healthy, premenopausal women between 23±42 y. Dieting group: n 14. Control group: n 11. DESIGN: Longitudinal weight loss study (repeated measures within-subject design) with 3 weeks of baseline, 15 weeks of 50% caloric restriction, and 3 weeks of weight stabilization. MEASUREMENTS: Computerized cognitive function tests (sustained attention, short-term memory, simple reaction time, motor performance and attentional focus), height, body weight, body composition (TOBEC) and behavioral questionnaires (Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire, Eating Attitudes Test, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory). RESULTS: Dieting women lost 12.3 AE 5.5 kg (mean AE s.d.) of body weight. Controlled long-term caloric restriction signi®cantly slowed simple reaction time but did not diminish sustained attention, motor performance or immediate memory. Word recall performance signi®cantly improved by 24% at the end of caloric restriction. CONCLUSIONS: The slowing of simple reaction time is a short-term and long-term consequence of caloric restriction. In contrast to previous short-term dieting studies, sustained attention and immediate memory were not impaired with long-term caloric restriction.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%