Impact of the Single-dose Immunization Strategy Against Hepatitis A in Argentina

Vizzotti, Carla; González, Jorge; Gentile, Ángela; Rearte, Analía; Ramonet, Margarita; Cañero-Velasco, María Cristina; Carrega, María Eugenia Pérez; Urueña, Analía; Diosque, Máximo

doi:10.1097/inf.0000000000000042

Cited by 57 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The results obtained herein extend these findings and suggest that the adoption of a single dose immunization system can serve as an alternative strategy for the prevention of hepatitis A in developing countries. Moreover, it has been argued that the natural booster response induced by wild virus circulation in endemic areas could ensure persistent protection [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A single dose of inactivated hepatitis A vaccine promotes HAV-specific memory cellular response similar to that induced by a natural infection

Melgaço

Morgado

Santiago³

et al. 2015

Vaccine

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Based on current studies on the effects of single dose vaccines on antibody production, Latin American countries have adopted a single dose vaccine program. However, no data are available on the activation of cellular response to a single dose of hepatitis A. Our study investigated the functional reactivity of the memory cell phenotype after hepatitis A virus (HAV) stimulation through administration of the first or second dose of HAV vaccine and compared the response to that of a baseline group to an initial natural infection. Proliferation assays showed that the first vaccine dose induced HAV-specific cellular response; this response was similar to that induced by a second dose or an initial natural infection. Thus, from the first dose to the second dose, increase in the frequencies of classical memory B cells, TCD8 cells, and central memory TCD4 and TCD8 cells were observed. Regarding cytokine production, increased IL-6, IL-10, TNF, and IFNγ levels were observed after vaccination. Our findings suggest that a single dose of HAV vaccine promotes HAV-specific memory cell response similar to that induced by a natural infection. The HAV-specific T cell immunity induced by primary vaccination persisted independently of the protective plasma antibody level. In addition, our results suggest that a single dose immunization system could serve as an alternative strategy for the prevention of hepatitis A in developing countries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A single dose of inactivated hepatitis A vaccine promotes HAV-specific memory cellular response similar to that induced by a natural infection

Melgaço

Morgado

Santiago³

et al. 2015

Vaccine

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“…For example, HAV infection has become a leading cause of fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) in Brazil 18 , as well as in countries that are experimenting transition in hepatitis A endemicity, such as Argentina 19 , India 20 , and the Republic of Korea 21 . After the implementation of regular immunization against hepatitis A for all children aged 12 months in Argentina in 2005, neither FHF nor liver transplantation due to HAV infection have been observed since 2007 22 . Together, these facts point out the importance of the implementation of preventive measures through vaccination programs for controlling hepatitis A in Brazil.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hepatitis A seroprevalence in public school children in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, prior to the introduction of the hepatitis A universal childhood vaccination

et al. 2016

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This cross-sectional study was carried out between August 2011 and July 2012 in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Dried blood spot samples were collected on filter paper from 919 individuals between the ages of 1 and 19 and were tested for antibodies against the hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV). The total prevalence was 20.7%, while 94.7% of children under the age of 5 were found to be susceptible to HAV infection. The prevalence of anti-HAV increased with age, reaching 33.3% among individuals aged between 15 and 19, thereby indicating that this municipality has a low level of endemicity for hepatitis A. Age, non-white skin color, accustomed to swimming in the river and more than five people living at home were the factors that were associated with an increase in the chance of a positive anti-HAV result. Mother's education level (secondary or tertiary) was considered a protective factor for HAV infection. The data obtained showed that a large proportion of the children from Campos dos Goytacazes were at risk of HAV infection, which should be minimized with the introduction of the vaccination program against hepatitis A that was launched in the municipality in 2011.

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“…La introducción de la vacuna en países de la región, como Argentina, Brasil y Chile, ha tenido un gran impacto en la morbimortalidad de la infección por HAV (19,(22)(23)(24). En el caso de Argentina, la vacuna se introdujo en el 2005 y desde el 2006 se ha podido observar una reducción de 88,1 % en la incidencia de la infección por HAV, tanto así que desde marzo de 2007 no se registran casos de falla hepática aguda ni trasplantes de hígado en pacientes con hepatitis A (22,23).…”

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“…En el caso de Argentina, la vacuna se introdujo en el 2005 y desde el 2006 se ha podido observar una reducción de 88,1 % en la incidencia de la infección por HAV, tanto así que desde marzo de 2007 no se registran casos de falla hepática aguda ni trasplantes de hígado en pacientes con hepatitis A (22,23). En Colombia, el programa de vacunación contra el HAV se inició en el 2013; la vacuna se administra en una dosis única a los doce meses de edad (25).…”

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Evidencia de circulación del virus de la hepatitis A, subgenotipo IA, en muestras ambientales en Antioquia, Colombia

et al. 2016

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Introducción. El virus de la hepatitis A (HAV) es un importante patógeno que se transmite por vía fecal-oral. La epidemiología de la infección está directamente relacionada con el acceso de la población al agua potable y con la infraestructura de alcantarillado. Objetivo. Determinar la presencia del HAV e identificar el genotipo en muestras de agua de abastecimiento y agua residual en ocho municipios, un corregimiento y una vereda del departamento de Antioquia, noroccidente de Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se hicieron tres muestreos seriados de diciembre de 2012 a abril de 2014 en la fuente principal de abastecimiento de los acueductos y en el principal vertimiento de aguas residuales de cada municipio. Las muestras se concentraron por filtración y ultrafiltración tangencial, y por las técnicas de polietilenglicol y floculación con leche descremada, respectivamente. A partir del ARN total de cada muestra, se amplificaron la región VP3-VP1 para la detección del genoma viral y la región VP1-2B para la genotipificación. Resultados. El genoma del HAV se detectó en las fuentes de agua de abastecimiento de Puerto Berrío, Frontino y Nutibara, y en las muestras de aguas residuales provenientes de los municipios de Arboletes, Zaragoza y Venecia. Mediante el análisis de las secuencias se identificó el subgenotipo IA del virus. Conclusión. Este estudio permitió detectar la presencia del HAV en 6,6 % de las muestras de agua de abastecimiento y en 13,3 % de las muestras de agua residual de los municipios en estudio. Se reporta por primera vez la circulación del subgenotipo IA en muestras ambientales en Antioquia.

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Impact of the Single-dose Immunization Strategy Against Hepatitis A in Argentina

Abstract: The single-dose vaccination strategy has been highly effective for controlling HAV infection in all age groups till now in Argentina. Long-term surveillance will be critical to document the sustained success of this unique intervention.

Cited by 57 publications

References 23 publications

A single dose of inactivated hepatitis A vaccine promotes HAV-specific memory cellular response similar to that induced by a natural infection

A single dose of inactivated hepatitis A vaccine promotes HAV-specific memory cellular response similar to that induced by a natural infection

Hepatitis A seroprevalence in public school children in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, prior to the introduction of the hepatitis A universal childhood vaccination

Evidencia de circulación del virus de la hepatitis A, subgenotipo IA, en muestras ambientales en Antioquia, Colombia

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