Impact of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on invasive pneumococcal disease in France, 2001–2012

Section: Pneumococcal Serotype Distribution Among Children Aged Undermentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumococcal serotype distribution: A snapshot of recent data in pediatric and adult populations around the world

Cui

Patel²,

O’Neil³

et al. 2017

“…14,15 To determine the impact of the PCVs in France, several surveillance systems of pneumococcal infection and carriage were established before and after PCV implementation. 11,13,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] All these studies were approved by the French National Data Protection Commission (CNIL) and/or the French Ethics Committee. Most of the studies were requested by the European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products as a post-licensing commitment.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

The multifaceted impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine implementation in children in France between 2001 to 2014

Cohen

Biscardi

Lévy

2016

In 2003, France was the first European country to recommend 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) for a large proportion of healthy children. With complicated recommendations, the vaccine coverage during the first 4 y of implementation was low, then progressively increased to reach 90% in 2008. The aim of this review was to describe the particular impact of PCVs in a country where the vaccine coverage was initially suboptimal.After PCV7 implementation, the PCV7 serotypes nearly disappeared among pneumococci isolated from meningitis (¡73%), other invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD; ¡90%) and pneumococcal carriage (¡97%). Consequently, the rates of penicillin-resistant strains declined. However, because of important serotype replacement, the global effect on the incidence of meningitis (¡31%) or other IPD (¡14%) was modest and observed only in young children < 2 y old. After PCV13 transition, with immediate high vaccine coverage, the vaccine had an important impact on all pneumococcal disease: reduction of ¡20% for pneumococcal meningitis, ¡36% for non-meningitis IPD, ¡32% for community acquired pneumonia and ¡15% for S. pneumoniae carriage.These findings underline the complexity of pneumococcal epidemiology and the importance of high and fast vaccination coverage to obtain the optimal effect of PCVs.

“…USA, Nicaragua, Spain, Denmark, France, Ontario, Israel, South Africa, and UK when high vaccine coverage was achieved. [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] However, in settings with vastly different environmental risk factors, mixing patterns, family structures, and culture such as Malaysia and Hong Kong, it is uncertain the extent to which similar effects will be observed. In the absence of country-specific estimates of herd effects, it was assumed that herd effects observed in these 2 countries would be very similar to that observed in the US post-PCV7 era.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-effectiveness analysis of infant universal routine pneumococcal vaccination in Malaysia and Hong Kong

Roberts

Lee

et al. 2015

Keywords: herd effect, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), Markov transition-state model, pneumococcal disease, 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10)Pneumococcal disease causes large morbidity, mortality and health care utilization and medical and non-medical costs, which can all be reduced by effective infant universal routine immunization programs with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV). We evaluated the clinical and economic benefits of such programs with either 10-or 13-valent PCVs in Malaysia and Hong Kong by using an age-stratified Markov cohort model with many country-specific inputs. The incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) was calculated to compare PCV10 or PCV13 against no vaccination and PCV13 against PCV10 over a 10-year birth cohort's vaccination. Both payer and societal perspectives were used. PCV13 had better public health and economic outcomes than a PCV10 program across all scenarios considered. For example, in the base case scenario in Malaysia, PCV13 would reduce more cases of IPD (C2,296), pneumonia (C705,281), and acute otitis media (C376,967) and save more lives (C6,122) than PCV10. Similarly, in Hong Kong, PCV13 would reduce more cases of IPD cases (C529), pneumonia (C172,185), and acute otitis media (C37,727) and save more lives (C2,688) than PCV10. During the same time horizon, PCV13 would gain over 74,000 and 21,600 additional QALYs than PCV10 in Malaysia and Hong Kong, respectively. PCV13 would be cost saving when compared against similar program with PCV10, under both payer and societal perspective in both countries. PCV13 remained a better choice over PCV10 in multiple sensitivity, scenario, and probabilistic analyses. PCV13s broader serotype coverage in its formulation and herd effect compared against PCV10 were important drivers of differences in outcomes.