Impact of pasteurization on the antibacterial properties of human milk

Gysel, Marjan Van; Cossey, Veerle; Fieuws, Steffen; Schuermans, Annette

doi:10.1007/s00431-012-1750-4

Cited by 54 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…After enumeration using the optical density method with previously constructed standard curves [30], the cultures were diluted and inoculated into untreated, UV-C irradiated and Holder pasteurized samples to bacterial loads of E. coli and S. aureus of 4000 CFU/ml (colony forming units per millilitre). All samples were plated in duplicate onto eosin methylene blue agar (selective for E. coli ) and mannitol salt agar (selective for S. aureus ) (Oxoid Australia Pty Ltd, Adelaide, SA, Australia) immediately after inoculation and after 2 hours of incubation at 37°C [31,32]. The plates were then incubated at 37°C overnight and the numbers of colonies enumerated to determine the bacterial number based on colony forming units per millilitre (CFU/ml).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of UV-C Pasteurization on Bacteriostatic Properties and Immunological Proteins of Donor Human Milk

et al. 2013

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BackgroundHuman milk possesses bacteriostatic properties, largely due to the presence of immunological proteins. Heat treatments such as Holder pasteurization reduce the concentration of immunological proteins in human milk and consequently increase the bacterial growth rate. This study investigated the bacterial growth rate and the immunological protein concentration of ultraviolet (UV-C) irradiated, Holder pasteurized and untreated human milk.MethodsSamples (n=10) of untreated, Holder pasteurized and UV-C irradiated human milk were inoculated with E. coli and S. aureus and the growth rate over 2 hours incubation time at 37°C was observed. Additionally, the concentration of sIgA, lactoferrin and lysozyme of untreated and treated human milk was analyzed.ResultsThe bacterial growth rate of untreated and UV-C irradiated human milk was not significantly different. The bacterial growth rate of Holder pasteurized human milk was double compared to untreated human milk (p<0.001). The retention of sIgA, lactoferrin and lysozyme after UV-C irradiation was 89%, 87%, and 75% respectively, which were higher than Holder treated with 49%, 9%, and 41% respectively.ConclusionUV-C irradiation of human milk preserves significantly higher levels of immunological proteins than Holder pasteurization, resulting in bacteriostatic properties similar to those of untreated human milk.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of UV-C Pasteurization on Bacteriostatic Properties and Immunological Proteins of Donor Human Milk

et al. 2013

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“…23 In addition, despite pasteurization, many bioactive components and anti-infective properties are still preserved. 27,28 …”

Section: Donor Human Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding of preterm infants and fortification of breast milk

Mangili

Garzoli

2017

Pediatr Med Chir

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The administration of the adequate amount of nutrients helps to improve a correct short-term linear growth and long-term neurocognitive development. To reduce the extra-uterine growth delay in very low birth weight infants (VLBW) the best strategy of nutrition (parenteral or enteral) should be established rapidly, since the first day of life. In preterm infants, nutrition can be administered parenterally and enterally. Prematurity is the most frequent indication for parenteral nutritional support due to intestinal functional immune deficiency, deficiency of digestive enzymatic systems and reduced nutritional reserve of these infants. In terms of enteral nutrition, breast milk is the first choice. In case of preterm and VLBW infants, fortifiers are used to overcome breast milk's protein and mineral deficiencies. When breast milk is not available, specific infant formula is the alternative. IntroductionThe improvement of neonatal care has led to an increase in the survival rate of very low birth weight infants (VLBW) infants (<1500 g). Nonetheless, growth failure is still a very frequent issue with incidence that ranges from 43 to 97% among various neonatal units. Thus, more aggressive nutritional strategies have been developed: first the parenteral nutrition then the enteral nutrition. Parenteral nutrition is often the only source of nutrients that can be used during the period of clinical instability. 1 Enteral nutrition must be gradually introduced as soon as possible; in presence of a good enteral tolerance, the parenteral nutrition should be rapidly discontinued, thus reducing its related side effects. 2 Parenteral nutritionAssuring an adequate nutrition to preterm infants is a real challenge, especially during the first hours after birth, when a total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is needed to meet the high nutritional requirements but it is often complicated by glucose and lipids intolerance. 3 Parenteral nutrition (PN) is an intravenous nutritional therapy that includes the administration of fluids, electrolytes, glucose, proteins, lipids, minerals, vitamins and oligo-elements. 4 It should be started as soon as possible within the first 24 hours of life. It can be prescribed in individualized or standardized administration; PN is provided through a central catheter (umbilical vein catheter or percutaneous central catheter) or, temporarily, via a peripheral route in the case of partial parenteral solutions and low osmolar load (<600 mOsm/L). Fluids and electrolytesIn the first week of life changes occur in the extracellular and intracellular compartments, resulting in a redistribution of fluids. This is one of the reason that explains the weight loss (5-10% of birth weight) that usually takes place during the first days of life. The fluid intake in the newborn (VLBW) and very low birth weight (ELBW) starts with 80-90 mL/kg/day and then is gradually increased by 10-20 mL/kg/day up to 160-180 and 150-160 mL/kg/day, respectively. 2,5-8 Electrolytic supplementation usually begins on the third-fourth day of...

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“…Pasteurization minimizes the risk of transfer of pathogenic agents such as cytomegalovirus, hepatitis B, HIV and microbial infections which are particularly dangerous for premature infants. However, LTLT contributes to signifi cant degradation of thermolabile bioactive components and decreases the nutritional value of human milk [Van Gysel et al, 2012;Tully et al, 2001]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of High Pressure and Sub-Zero Temperature on Total Antioxidant Capacity and the Content of Vitamin C, Fatty Acids and Secondary Products of Lipid Oxidation in Human Milk

Martysiak‐Żurowska¹,

Puta²,

Barczak³

et al. 2017

Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci.

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Key words: human milk, high pressure, total antioxidant capacity, fatty acids, vitamin C The objective of this study was to compare of the effects of high pressure of 193 MPa at -20°C and Low Temperature Long Time pasteurization (LTLT or holder pasteurization, 62.5°C, 30 min) on the content and composition of fatty acids (FAs), concentrations of secondary products of lipid oxidation (TBARS), the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total vitamin C and ascorbic acid (AsA) content in human milk. It was shown that no significant changes in the content and composition of FAs and TBARS levels were noted in both pressurized and LTLT pasteurized milk samples. The results obtained indicate that the antioxidant properties in pressurized human milk were also not affected. In the case of the pasteurized samples only slight (approx. 6%) and statistically insignifi cant decrease was observed in the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) values. Pasteurization significantly reduced the content of total vitamin C and AsA, by 35% and 24%, respectively. A minor and statistically insignifi cant (approx. 6%) decrease in vitamin C levels was observed in milk treated with high pressure. However, a signifi cant decrease (by more than 11%) occurred in these conditions in AsA concentrations. The infl uence of high pressure treatment on AsA levels and the lack of signifi cant changes in TEAC values point to the relative stability of the remaining antioxidant components in human milk. Further research is needed to determine the effects of high pressure of approximately 200 MPa and sub-zero temperatures on, mainly thermolabile, components of human milk, which are degraded by LTLT pasteurization. Unauthenticated Download Date | 5/8/18 6:11 AM

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Impact of pasteurization on the antibacterial properties of human milk

Abstract: Our study shows that pasteurization adversely affects the antibacterial properties of human milk.

Cited by 54 publications

References 37 publications

The Effect of UV-C Pasteurization on Bacteriostatic Properties and Immunological Proteins of Donor Human Milk

The Effect of UV-C Pasteurization on Bacteriostatic Properties and Immunological Proteins of Donor Human Milk

Feeding of preterm infants and fortification of breast milk

Effect of High Pressure and Sub-Zero Temperature on Total Antioxidant Capacity and the Content of Vitamin C, Fatty Acids and Secondary Products of Lipid Oxidation in Human Milk

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