Impact of land degradation on soil respiration in a steppe (Stipa tenacissima L.) semi-arid ecosystem in the SE of Spain

Rey, Ana; Pegoraro, E.; Oyonarte, Cecilio; Were, A.; Escribano, Paula; Raimundo, João

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.11.007

Cited by 178 publications

(162 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The topography is smooth, with slopes of 3-10°. The soils are classified as Mollic-Lithic Leptosols (Calcaric); they are shallow and stony, and contain 16.1% clay, 22.8% silt and 61.1% sand (Rey et al, 2011). There is a petrocalcic horizon that has frequent outcrops.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall timing and runoff: The influence of the criterion for rain event separation

Molina-Sanchis

Lázaro

Arnau-Rosalén

et al. 2016

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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Rain is not uniform in time and space in semiarid areas and its distribution is very important for the runoff process. Hydrological studies usually divide rainfall into events. However, defining rain events is complicated, and rain characteristics vary depending on how the events are delimited. Choosing a minimum inter-event time (MIT) is a commonly used criterion. Our hypothesis is that there will be an optimal MIT that explains the maximum part of the variance of the runoff, with time to runoff used as a surrogate. The objective is to establish a procedure in order to decide upon this optimal MIT. We developed regressions between time to runoff (T 0 ) and three descriptive variables of rain. Our results show that the optimum MIT is 1 hour, which seems to be the minimum period of time required for water in larger macropores to drain and sufficiently modify the effect of antecedent soil moisture on the runoff generation process. Rain events are classified into three significantly different groups: (1) large and intense rains, (2) light rains on wet soil, and (3) light rains on dry soil. Intense rains produce most of the runoff, but there were significant differences between small events in the runoff generated. Of rain events, 63.75% are single-tip events, and many could be dew.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall timing and runoff: The influence of the criterion for rain event separation

Molina-Sanchis

Lázaro

Arnau-Rosalén

et al. 2016

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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“…Overall, as stated by Rey et al (2011), these two experimental sites represent different degradation stages owing to their differing soil characteristics and surface fractions (Table 1). While BB has deeper and more fertile soils and higher vegetation cover, AMO shows thinner and poorer soils and has half of Balsa Blanca's vegetation cover.…”

Section: Experimental Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…While BB has deeper and more fertile soils and higher vegetation cover, AMO shows thinner and poorer soils and has half of Balsa Blanca's vegetation cover. Therefore, in accordance with Rey et al (2011Rey et al ( , 2017, we considered that BB represents the natural site, currently being a representative ecosystem of the area, while AMO represents a degraded site with respect to BB. The stronger degradation effects observed in AMO (degraded site) compared to BB (natural site) are probably due to its proximity to populated areas.…”

Section: Experimental Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, soil organic carbon (SOC) inventories have been used to explore the effects of climate, human activities and grazing pressure in desertification-prone areas of China (Feng et al, 2006) and Brazil (Schulz et al, 2016). Similarly, other investigations have evaluated soil degradation processes by means of soil CO 2 effluxes together with other biometric measurements in drylands found in China (Hou et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2007), Chile (Bown et al, 2014) and southeastern Spain (Rey et al, 2011. However, the degradation processes associated with desertification affect several subsystems as well as their interactions at multiple spatial and temporal scales.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Can land degradation drive differences in the C exchange of two similar semiarid ecosystems?

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Currently, drylands occupy more than one-third of the global terrestrial surface and are recognized as areas vulnerable to land degradation. The concept of land degradation stems from the loss of an ecosystem's biological productivity due to long-term loss of natural vegetation or depletion of soil nutrients. Drylands' key role in the global carbon (C) balance has been recently demonstrated, but the effects of land degradation on C sequestration by these ecosystems still need to be investigated. In the present study, we compared net C and water vapor fluxes, together with satellite, meteorological and vadose zone (CO 2 , water content and temperature) measurements, between two nearby (∼ 23 km) experimental sites representing "natural" (i.e., site of reference) and "degraded" grazed semiarid grasslands. We utilized data acquired over 6 years from two eddy covariance stations located in southeastern Spain with highly variable precipitation magnitude and distribution. Results show a striking difference in the annual C balances with an average net CO 2 exchange of 196 ± 40 (C release) and −23 ± 2 g C m −2 yr −1 (C fixation) for the degraded and natural sites, respectively. At the seasonal scale, differing patterns in net CO 2 fluxes were detected over both growing and dry seasons. As expected, during the growing seasons, greater net C uptake over longer periods was observed at the natural site. However, a much greater net C release, probably derived from subterranean ventilation, was measured at the degraded site during drought periods. After subtracting the nonbiological CO 2 flux from net CO 2 exchange, flux partitioning results point out that, during the 6 years of study, gross primary production, ecosystem respiration and water use efficiency were, on average, 9, 2 and 10 times higher, respectively, at the natural site versus the degraded site. We also tested differences in all monitored meteorological and soil variables and CO 2 at 1.50 m belowground was the variable showing the greatest intersite difference, with ∼ 1000 ppm higher at the degraded site. Thus, we believe that subterranean ventilation of this vadose zone CO 2 , previously observed at both sites, partly drives the differences in C dynamics between them, especially during the dry season. It may be due to enhanced subsoil-atmosphere interconnectivity at the degraded site.

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“…Esta variabilidad puede deberse al sistema de medición empleado, ya que a diferencia de otros estudios (Abdalla et al 2014;Carlisle et al 2006;Rey et al 2011) no se eliminó la vegetación, los restos vegetales y/o insectos presentes en el suelo, antes de realizar la medida. De forma que se han podido sobreestimar los valores de emisión, al no discriminarse entre la respiración del suelo y la posible contribución de la cubierta vegetal o los restos orgánicos del suelo.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Efecto de técnicas de agricultura de conservación en la respiración del suelo en plantaciones de almendro en la región mediterránea (SE, España)

Pleguezuelo

Martínez

Rodríguez

et al. 2017

M+A. Revista Electrónica De Medioambiente

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Efecto de técnicas de agricultura de conservación en la respiración del suelo en plantaciones de almendro en la región mediterránea (SE España) Resumen. El sistema de manejo de los suelos agrícolas puede modificar sustancialmente la dinámica del CO 2 del suelo. Se realizó un experimento en Lanjarón (SE España) para evaluar el efecto de tres sistemas de manejo de suelos en plantaciones de almendro: 1) mínimo laboreo y cubierta de vegetación espontánea (ML VE ), 2) mínimo laboreo y cubierta de tomillo (Thymbra capitata L.) (ML T ), y 3) mínimo laboreo sin cubiertas vegetales (ML). Las tasas de emisión del CO 2 del suelo presentaron el siguiente orden creciente ML VE >ML>ML T , determinándose una alta variabilidad a corto plazo. Así mismo, se registraron mayores emisiones de CO 2 durante la primavera, en contraste a las de otoño. Por otra parte, el contenido de agua en el suelo fue el factor ambiental con mayor influencia en las emisiones. En consecuencia, el empleo de técnicas de agricultura de conservación como el mínimo laboreo y cubiertas vegetales para el secuestro de C atmosférico son medidas sostenibles en los agroecosistemas mediterráneos de secano. Palabras clave: Cambio climático; CO 2 ; cubierta vegetal; mínimo laboreo; Prunus dulcis Mill.[en] Effect of different conservation agriculture techniques on soil respiration in almond orchards in the Mediterranean region (SE Spain) Abstract. The soil-management system in agricultural lands could be affected substantially on dynamics of CO 2 fluxes from soil. An experiment was carried out in Lanjarón (SE Spain) to evaluate the effect of three soil-management systems in almond plantations: 1) minimum tillage with spontaneous vegetation strips (MT SV ), 2) minimum tillage and thyme (Thymbra capitata L.) strips (MT T ), and 3) minimum tillage without plant strips (MT). The CO 2 emission rates from soil presented the following increasing trend MT SV >MT>MT T , showing highly variability in the short term. Also, higher CO 2 soil emissions were recorded during the spring, in contrast to autumn. Moreover, the soil-water content was the most influential environmental factor. Consequently, the use of conservation agricultural techniques such as minimum tillage and plant strips to sequester atmospheric carbon are sustainable measures for Mediterranean rainfed agro-ecosystems. Key words: Climate change; CO 2 ; minimum tillage; plant cover; Prunus dulcis Mill. Rodríguez, C.R., Francia, J.R., Cárceles, B., Gálvez, B., García, I.F., Durán, V.H.M+A Revis. Elect. Medioambiente.18(2) 2017: 163-176 [fr] Effet des techniques d'agriculture de conservation sur la respiration du sol dans les plantations d'amandiers de la région méditerranéenne (SE Espagne)

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Impact of land degradation on soil respiration in a steppe (Stipa tenacissima L.) semi-arid ecosystem in the SE of Spain

Cited by 178 publications

References 57 publications

Rainfall timing and runoff: The influence of the criterion for rain event separation

Rainfall timing and runoff: The influence of the criterion for rain event separation

Can land degradation drive differences in the C exchange of two similar semiarid ecosystems?

Efecto de técnicas de agricultura de conservación en la respiración del suelo en plantaciones de almendro en la región mediterránea (SE, España)

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