Impact of Humans on the Design and Performance of Millimeter Wave Cellular Networks in Stadiums

Kulkarni, Mandar N.; Kaya, Aliye Özge; Calin, Doru; Andrews, Jeffrey G.

doi:10.1109/wcnc.2017.7925748

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…More recent works on mmW communications such as [6], [24], and [25] have investigated the effects of human body blockage on the availability of LoS mmW links between the access points and mobile devices in real scenarios. The work in [24] studied dense deployments of millimetre-wave access points with fixed directional antennas mounted on the ceiling.…”

Section: A Prior Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In practice, the availability of LoS mmW links between the access points and mobile devices can be highly dynamic because mmW signals are sensitive to human body blockage and user orientation. In [6], the authors used 3D ray tracing to evaluate the performance of mmW cellular networks in a realistic model of the MetLife stadium. They modeled human blockage features using the dielectric properties at 28 GHz.…”

Section: A Prior Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite treating key challenges of mmW system deployment in a real scenarios, the works in [6], [24], [25] and [26] completely ignore the impact of the stochastic blockage of mmW links that can result from the randomly changing orientation of the users and their devices in a real in-venue regions.…”

Section: A Prior Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the large amount of bandwidth available at mmW bands, mmW communication promises to deliver high wireless data rates which makes it an attractive solution for providing wireless connectivity to hotspot regions such as large theaters, arenas, stadiums, shopping malls, and transportation hubs [5]. In such popular in-venue scenarios, there are tens of thousands of active users packed into a relatively small area [6]. Nonetheless, many technical challenges must be overcome to reap the benefits of mmW network deployments and ensure reliable mmW communication [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimized Deployment of Millimeter Wave Networks for In-Venue Regions With Stochastic Users’ Orientation

Soorki

Saad

Bennis

2019

IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.

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Millimeter wave (mmW) communication is a promising solution for providing high-capacity wireless network access. However, the benefits of mmW are limited by the fact that the channel between a mmW access point and the user equipment can stochastically change due to severe blockage of mmW links by obstacles such as the human body. Thus, one main challenge of mmW network coverage is to enable directional line-of-sight links between access points and mobile devices. In this paper, a novel framework is proposed for optimizing mmW network coverage within hotspots and in-venue regions, while being cognizant of the body blockage of the network's users. In the studied model, the locations of potential access points and users are assumed as predefined parameters while the orientation of the users is assumed to be stochastic. Hence, a joint stochastic access point placement and beam steering problem subjected to stochastic users' body blockage is formulated, under desired network coverage constraints. Then, a greedy algorithm is introduced to find an approximation solution for the joint deployment and assignment problem using a new "size constrained weighted set cover" approach. A closed-form expression for the ratio between the optimal solution and approximate one (resulting from the greedy algorithm) is analytically derived. The proposed algorithm is simulated for three in-venue regions: the meeting room in the Alumni Assembly Hall of Virginia Tech, an airport gate, and one side of a stadium football. Simulation results show that, in order to guarantee network coverage for different in-venue regions, the greedy algorithm uses at most three more access points (APs) compared to the optimal solution. The results also show that, due to the use of the additional APs, the greedy algorithm will yield a network coverage up to 11.7% better than the optimal, AP-minimizing solution.

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Section: A Prior Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Prior Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Prior Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Optimized Deployment of Millimeter Wave Networks for In-Venue Regions With Stochastic Users’ Orientation

Soorki

Saad

Bennis

2019

IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.

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“…However, such a design in Fig. 1(a) could lead to a serious human (hand) blockage issue which causes attenuation as large as 30-40 dB [10], [11]. Simply increasing the phased array dimension or effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) will generate more heat and cause a heat distribution issue.…”

Section: G Wireless User Equipment Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular and WiFi Co-design for 5G User Equipment

Huo

Dong

et al. 2018

2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF)

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Motivated by providing solutions to design challenges of coexisting cellular and WiFi for future 5G application scenarios, this paper, first, conducts an in-depth investigation of current technological trends of 5G from user equipment (UE) design perspective, and then presents a costeffective cellular-WiFi design methodology based on the new distributed phased array MIMO (DPA-MIMO) architecture for practical 5G UE devices as an example. Furthermore, additional 5G cellular-WiFi application scenarios and co-operation details within 5G heterogeneous networks are unveiled on top of the said cellular-WiFi co-enabled 5G UE design. The fifth generation (5G), user equipment (UE), cellular, WiFi, WiGig 5G unlicensed, 5G licensed assisted access (5G-LAA), hardware, smartphone. Keywords-

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