Impact of gamma radiations on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties (Batoor and Janbaz)

Abstract

The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of different doses of gamma rays (15,25, 35 and 45 Krad) on various morphological and biochemical parameters of two wheat varieties (Batoor and Janbaz). A comparison of the results of different doses with control showed that gamma irradiations significantly affected various parameters. Days to germination were non-significantly delayed in Batoor while significantly decreased at 45 Krad in Janbaz. Germination percentage decreased significantly at 15 Krad in both varieties. Days to spike initiation significantly decreased at 45 Krad in Batoor but increased significantly at 45 Krad in Janbaz variety. Days to spike maturation were increased significantly at 45 Krad in both varieties. Plant height increased significantly at 15 Krad but decreased expressively at 25 Krad and 35 Krad in Batoor. In Janbaz plant height increased significantly at 45 Krad but decreased at 35 Krad. Number of nodes/plant decreased significantly at various doses in Batoor. While in Janbaz number of nodes/plant increased significantly at 15 Krad. Gamma radiation significantly increased number of fertile tillers/plant at 15 Krad in Batoor and at 45 Krad in Janbaz. Number of spikes/plant increased significantly at 15 Krad in Batoor and at 45 Krad in Janbaz. Number of spikelets/spike increased at 15 Krad in Batoor while a decreasing trend was seen in Janbaz with increasing doses. Spike length was nonsignificantly affected by gamma radiation in Batoor variety. However spike length was significantly increased at 45 Krad in Janbaz. Number of grains/spike increased significantly at 15 Krad in Batoor but decreased significantly at higher doses in both varieties. 1000 grain weight significantly increased at 45 Krad in Batoor and at 15 Krad and 25 Krad in Janbaz. Biochemical analysis revealed that gamma irradiation decreased the ash contents significantly at all the doses in both varieties. Moisture contents decreased significantly in Batoor through gamma irradiation except at 45 Krad which showed nonsignificant effect. However, in Janbaz moisture contents increased significantly at 25 Krad. Proteins contents were non-significantly decreased in Batoor, while in Janbaz, proteins contents decreased significantly at 35 Krad.

Inducing mutations by using chemical, electric shock and physical mutagens in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

“…The highest number of spikes per plant obtained from R15 treatment with value 23.51. This result is in agreement with those obtained with Khah and Verma (2015) and Ahmed et al (2017). For the number of grains per plant, the best treatments were E2, HZ4 and SA2 with values of 6.53, 5.49 and 5.04 respectively.…”

Morphological Characteristics and Productivity of Guinea Grass (Panicum maximum CV Purple Guinea) Irradiated with Gamma-Ray

“…The population of M1V1 Guinea grass was affected by gamma irradiation. The increased production due to gamma irradiation in M1V1/ M2 was also reported in ryegrass (Chen et al, 2016 ), peas (Khan, 2018), lentil beans (Tabti et al, 2018), Sesamum indicum L (Muhammad et al, 2018), and wheat (Ahmed, 2017). Each type of plant has a certain dose of irradiation in increasing its productivity.…”

“…Each type of plant has a certain dose of irradiation in increasing its productivity. In millet, the right dose to increase its production is 400-500 Gy (Ambavane et al, 2015), 45 Krad (450 Gy) in wheat Batoor varieties and 15 Krad (150 Gy) for Janbaz varieties (Ahmed, 2017), 440.15 Gy in Sesamum indicum L (Saha & Paul, 2019), while in Cynodon grass the right dose is 70-100 Gy. This dose was the dosage between LD 20 -LD 50 for Guinea grass cv Purple Guinea where at those doses more diversity appeared.…”

Effect of UV-C radiation on basic indices of growth process of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seeds in pre-sowing treatment

“…The biological effect of gamma radiation on the main components of wheat cells was studied in Ahmed et al (2017) and Nazarenko & Izhboldin (2017). It has been established that treatment with gamma radiation leads to changes in the cell structure and cell membrane, photosynthesis, causes the modulation of anti-oxidative system and contributes to the accumulation of phenolic compounds.…”