Impact of exercise training on plasma adrenocorticotropin response to a well-learned vigilance task

Blaney, J.; Sothmann, Mark S.; Raff, Hershel; Hart, Barbara A.; Horn, Thelma S.

doi:10.1016/0306-4530(90)90068-k

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Men differing in fitness levels show similar levels of cortisol or adrenocorticotrophin in plasma in response to laboratory stressors [116,118]. No effects of chronic activity-wheel running are shown in plasma levels of adrenocorticotrophin, cortisol, and prolactin after repeated footshock in rats [119,120].…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Anti-inflammatory Benefits Of Exercise Intervementioning

confidence: 78%

The potential anti-inflammatory benefits of improving physical fitness in hypertension

Edwards¹,

Mills²

2007

Journal of Hypertension

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hypertension is associated with an increased risk of stroke and atherosclerosis. In addition to elevated blood pressure, hypertension is characterized by neuroendocrine and immune activation, including elevated levels of C-reactive protein, inflammatory cytokines, and soluble adhesion molecules, which are predictive of morbidity and mortality outcomes. Pharmacological treatment for hypertension reduces blood pressure, but has limited effectiveness in reducing the accompanying inflammation and its associated morbidity and mortality. Exercise and diet interventions regularly show reductions in blood pressure in hypertensive individuals. Similar interventions in other populations show reductions in many inflammatory markers, but these effects have not been routinely examined in hypertensive individuals. The mechanisms through which exercise might exert an anti-inflammatory action include the sympathetic nervous system, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, as well as direct effects of blood pressure. Here, exercise is promoted as a potentially effective treatment for both the elevated blood pressure and chronic inflammation found in hypertension.

show abstract

Section: Mechanisms Of Anti-inflammatory Benefits Of Exercise Intervementioning

confidence: 78%

The potential anti-inflammatory benefits of improving physical fitness in hypertension

Edwards¹,

Mills²

2007

Journal of Hypertension

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This has led several investigators to suggest that the benefits of exercise may, at least in part, provide protection from, or resistance to, some of the damaging effects of stress (Rosch 1985; Moraska and Fleshner 2001; Salmon 2001). Studies have typically not shown a consistent effect of voluntary physical exercise on glucocorticoid responses to acute stressors in humans (Sinyor et al 1983; Sothmann et al 1988; Blaney et al 1990) or animals (Cox et al 1985; Dishman et al 1995, 1998; Fleshner 2000; Chennaoui et al 2002; Droste et al 2003; Lancel et al 2003). However, more recent studies suggest that the type or intensity of the stressor may be important in determining the effects of physical activity on acute glucocorticoid release, with physically active animals exhibiting similar or greater glucocorticoid responses to higher intensity stressors, such as forced swimming, restraint or loud noise (98 dB), but diminished glucocorticoid responses to low intensity stressors such as exposure to a novel environment or lower intensity noise (85 dB) (Droste et al 2007; Campeau et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of voluntary wheel running on heart rate, body temperature, and locomotor activity in response to acute and repeated stressor exposures in rats

Masini

Nyhuis

Sasse

et al. 2011

Stress

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Stress often negatively impacts physical and mental health but it has been suggested that voluntary physical activity may benefit health by reducing some of the effects of stress. The present experiments tested whether voluntary exercise can reduce heart rate, core body temperature and locomotor activity responses to acute (novelty or loud noise) or repeated stress (loud noise). After 6 weeks of running-wheel access, rats exposed to a novel environment had reduced heart rate, core body temperature, and locomotor activity responses compared to rats housed under sedentary conditions. In contrast, none of these measures were different between exercised and sedentary rats following acute 30-min noise exposures, at either 85 or 98 dB. Following 10 weeks of running-wheel access, both groups displayed significant habituation of all these responses to 10 consecutive daily 30-min presentations of 98 dB noise stress. However, the extent of habituation of all three responses was significantly enhanced in exercised compared to sedentary animals on the last exposure to noise. These results suggest that in physically active animals, under some conditions, acute responses to stress exposure may be reduced, and response habituation to repeated stress may be enhanced, which ultimately may reduce the negative and cumulative impact of stress.

show abstract

“…For example, the recent meta-regression by Etnier et al (24) did not find evidence that age moderates a fitness–neurocognition relationship. Furthermore, the Etnier et al meta-analysis included four studies with samples that were similar to or younger than those in the present study (8,12,36,68), none of which produced positive findings. Also, with the exception of three studies (23,47,52), the studies included in the Colcombe and Kramer meta-analysis enrolled healthy adults so that the presence of significant cognitive impairment or sufficiently low neuropsychological test scores so as to produce a “floor effect” among these participants was unlikely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Examination of these eight studies suggests a similarly inconsistent pattern of findings, in which we considered none to be positive, three to be equivocal (25,36,48), and five to be negative (Russell, E. M., “unpublished manuscript/observations,” 1982; 8,12,65,68). 2 Again, our analysis suggests that there is no consistent evidence in the literature demonstrating a relationship between improved aerobic fitness and cognitive function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Fails to Improve Neurocognition in Depressed Middle-Aged and Older Adults

Hoffman

Blumenthal

Babyak

et al. 2008

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose Although cross-sectional studies have demonstrated an association between higher levels of aerobic fitness and improved neurocognitive function, there have been relatively few interventional studies investigating this relationship, and results have been inconsistent. We assessed the effects of aerobic exercise on neurocognitive function in a randomized controlled trial of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods Two-hundred and two sedentary men (n = 49) and women (n = 153), aged 40 yr and over and who met diagnostic criteria for MDD, were randomly assigned to the following: a) supervised exercise, b) home-based exercise, c) sertraline, or d) placebo pill. Before and after 4 months of treatment, participants completed measures of: Executive Function (Trail Making Test B-A difference score, Stroop Color/Word, Ruff 2 & 7 Test, Digit Symbol), Verbal Memory (Logical Memory, Verbal Paired Associates), and Verbal Fluency/Working Memory (Animal Naming, Controlled Oral Word Association Test, Digit Span). Multivariate analyses of covariance were performed to test the effects of treatment on posttreatment neuropsychological test scores, with baseline neuropsychological test scores, age, education, and change in depression scores entered as covariates. Results The performance of exercise participants was no better than participants receiving placebo across all neuropsychological tests. Exercise participants performed better than participants receiving sertraline on tests of executive function but not on tests of verbal memory or verbal fluency/working memory. Conclusions We found little evidence to support the benefits of an aerobic exercise intervention on neurocognitive performance in patients with MDD.

show abstract

Impact of exercise training on plasma adrenocorticotropin response to a well-learned vigilance task

Cited by 20 publications

References 38 publications

The potential anti-inflammatory benefits of improving physical fitness in hypertension

The potential anti-inflammatory benefits of improving physical fitness in hypertension

Effects of voluntary wheel running on heart rate, body temperature, and locomotor activity in response to acute and repeated stressor exposures in rats

Exercise Fails to Improve Neurocognition in Depressed Middle-Aged and Older Adults

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About