Impact of combining chlorine dioxide and chlorine on DBP formation in simulated indoor swimming pools

Kim, Daekyun; Ateş, Nuray; Bekaroğlu, Şehnaz Şule Kaplan; Selbes, Meric; Karanfil, Tanju

doi:10.1016/j.jes.2017.04.020

Cited by 30 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…• Numerous disinfection by-products (Richardson et al, 2010;Weaver et al, 2009), • Occurrence and human consequences (Shaw, 1986;Benoit & Jackson, 1987;Kim et al, 2002;Righi et al, 2014;Lévesque et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2015;Chowdhury, 2016;Nitter et al, 2018;Gabriel et al, 2019;Nitter & Svendsen, 2019a), • Formation of DBP (Jmaiff Blackstock et al, 2017;Kim et al, 2017;Fakour & Lo, 2018), • The impact of water treatment (Weng et al, 2012;Hansen et al, 2012;Weng et al, 2013;Spiliotopoulou et al, 2015;Nitter & Svendsen, 2019b), • Impact on the users and the user's uptake (Chu et al, 2013;Fernández-Luna et al, 2013;Font-Ribera et al, 2016;Hang et al, 2016;Parrat et al, 2012;Xiao et al, 2012).…”

Section: Indoor Air Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic and data-driven literature review of the energy and indoor environmental performance of swimming facilities

et al. 2021

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During the last few decades, focus on measures for energy conservation in buildings has increased considerably. The European Commission implemented the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive, which gave instructions to the member states about how to reduce energy consumption in residential and non-residential buildings. In the process of making the building sector more energy efficient, the building codes generally have become stricter with some simplifications applied in the requirements. For swimming facilities in Norway, these simplifications are undermining the purpose of the code by excluding the energy use related to the operation of swimming pools, which is the main part of the energy use in this building category. In other words, the energy use related to operation of the facility is not regulated. Furthermore, guidelines for the planning and operation of these types of facilities are outdated and research for this building category is sparse. These three aspects mean that there is a considerable potential for improvement. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review with bibliometric and thematic analyses of the contextualized research in swimming facilities from a heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning perspective. It maps the major trends during the past few decades, where areas like solar heating for outdoor pools, energy consumption, and air quality stand out. Except for air quality and disinfection by-products, research on these facilities is highly fragmented without any strong contributors to the various fields. Graphical abstract

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Section: Indoor Air Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic and data-driven literature review of the energy and indoor environmental performance of swimming facilities

et al. 2021

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“…Haloacetic acids (HAAs) are the one of the most predominant classes of chlorination byproducts and thus are good indicators of the total DBPs in chlorinated water [8] , [9] . Due to their potentially deleterious impacts on human health, a great attention is focused on HAAs in recent years, and many nations or international agencies have set regulations to reduce these hazardous materials in water [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] .…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Data on the level of haloacetic acids in indoor swimming pools of Iran: A case study of Tehran

2018

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Haloacetic acids (HAAs) are the second most prevalent class of DBPs after trihalomethanes (THMs) in water disinfected by chlorine compounds. Within this study, we present new data on occurrence and speciation of HAA levels in 15 indoor swimming pools in Tehran in 2017. Five HAAs (HAA5), including monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, monobromoacetic acid, and dibromoacetic acid were analyzed. Levels of pH, total chlorine, and total organic carbon concentration were analyzed as well. Results indicated that the levels of HAA5 in swimming pools in the Tehran ranged from 148 to 3488 µg/L, with an average of 1045.26 µg/L. HAAs in the swimming pools in Tehran might be due to the extensive use of chlorine compounds for disinfection. Therefore, due to the high levels of HAAs, frequent monitoring of HAA levels as well as minimization strategies is needed in these swimming pools.

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“…ClO 2 is not a chlorinating agent, but a strong oxidant. Oxidation by ClO 2 occurs through the mechanism of one electron exchange, attacking electron-rich centers of organic molecules [3]. When one electron is transferred, the chlorine dioxide is reduced to chlorite (ClO 2 − ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Use of an Additional Oxidant (Chlorine Dioxide) in Water Treatment on Swimming Pool Water Quality

Włodyka-Bergier

Bergier

2022

Energies

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This article presents the results of experiments on the effect of chlorine dioxide, applied as an additional oxidant, on swimming pool water quality. Three doses of chlorine dioxide were applied: 22, 44 and 66 mg/m3. At each research stage, prior to the actual experiment, in which the oxidant was dosed, the background was tested, i.e., water samples were taken from a conventional treatment system (without chlorine dioxide). The experiments showed that chlorine dioxide effectively removes organic compounds and their chlorine derivatives. For the highest dose of ClO2, CODMn decreased by almost 88% and chloroform concentration by 75%. Chlorine dioxide also effectively supports water disinfection. At the highest dose, the number of mesophilic bacteria decreased by 60% and the number of psychrophiles by 94%. However, after the dosing of this oxidant had been discontinued, a deterioration of the microbiological water quality and the secondary growth of microorganisms were observed. Chlorine dioxide also caused an increase in conductivity and the concentration of inorganic compounds (nitrates, total chlorates and chlorites). The effect of this agent on the combined chlorine concentration was not observed. The reported experiments have shown that this measure is not unequivocally beneficial in terms of improving swimming pool water quality.

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Impact of combining chlorine dioxide and chlorine on DBP formation in simulated indoor swimming pools

Cited by 30 publications

References 18 publications

Systematic and data-driven literature review of the energy and indoor environmental performance of swimming facilities

Systematic and data-driven literature review of the energy and indoor environmental performance of swimming facilities

Data on the level of haloacetic acids in indoor swimming pools of Iran: A case study of Tehran

Influence of the Use of an Additional Oxidant (Chlorine Dioxide) in Water Treatment on Swimming Pool Water Quality

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