Impact of chemokines CCR5∆32, CXCL12G801A, and CXCR2C1208T on bladder cancer susceptibility in north Indian population

Abstract

Chemokines are small inducible pro-inflammatory cytokines. In the present study, we tested association of chemokine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) viz., CCR5∆32, CXCL12G801A and CXCR2C1208T genes in bladder cancer (BC) patients and normal healthy controls of north Indians. Genotyping of the above SNPs were done in 200 BC cases and 200 healthy controls, using RFLP and amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction methodology. A significant association was found in CXCL12G801A with BC risk. In case of CXCL12G801A polymorphism, the heterozygous (GA) genotype showed significantly high risk (p < 0.001, odds ratio (OR) = 2.72), whereas A allele carrier (GA + AA) also showed risk with BC (p < 0.001, OR = 2.44). In CXCR2C1208T polymorphism, the variant genotype (TT) showed significant risk for BC (p = 0.028, OR = 1.58). The variant allele (T) of CXCR2C1208T polymorphism was found to be associated with BC risk (p = 0.003, OR = 1.29). Interestingly, smoking was also found to modulate 1.16-fold risks for BC in case of CXCR2C1208T, variant genotype (TT). Upon analyzing the gene-gene interaction between CXCR2C1208T and CXCL12G801A, the combination CT-GA showed 4-fold risk for BC (p = 0.009). Our results indicated that polymorphism in CXCR2C1208T and CXCL12G801A showed high risk for BC in north Indian population. However, CCR5∆32 exhibited no association. Study with large sample size and diverse ethnicity are required to validate these observations.

The SDF-1 rs1801157 Polymorphism is Associated with Cancer Risk: An Update Pooled Analysis and FPRP Test of 17,876 Participants

“…One article was not included because it was a meta-analysis, and one article was excluded because the available data could not be extracted to further assess the effect size. Therefore, all 37 articles were identified45611121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344. However, according to the results of the HWE test, 4 articles18383944 were excluded because they did not achieve HWE in the control group.…”

“…However, according to the results of the HWE test, 4 articles18383944 were excluded because they did not achieve HWE in the control group. Finally, a total of 34 eligible case-control studies from 33 articles456111213141516171920212223242526272829303132333435363740414243 were included in the study. Among them, 18 articles were performed on Caucasians4615171920212223242728293133344043, 13 articles on Asians5111213141625263032353637, and two studies on individuals of mixed ethnicity4142.…”

The CXCL12 G801A Polymorphism Is Associated with Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis

“…This is maybe because cancers types differ by carcinogenic mechanisms and environmental exposures and have disparate responses to CXCL12 G801A genotypes. In addition, gene-gene and gene-environment interactions may influence the association between CXCL12 G801A polymorphism and susceptibility to specific cancers [44] – [49] . Furthermore, for some cancer types defined as “other”, only a few studies were published; therefore, it was difficult to detect small, but meaningful associations.…”

Impacts of Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) Receptor 2 C1208T Polymorphism on Cancer Susceptibility

“…Genetic polymorphisms of CXCR2 may influence the function of the protein by regulating gene expression. Several previous studies have investigated the correlation of CXCR2 mutations with risk of cancer [32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. However, the conclusions of these studies were not consistent.…”

“…However, the relationship between this variant and susceptibility to cancer remains controversial. The purpose of the present study was to comprehensively investigate the association between CXCR2 C1208T polymorphism and cancer risk combined with all eligible case-control studies [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. Furthermore, we used combined analysis to explore the effect of CXCR2 variation.…”