Impact of Biodiesel Emission Products from a Multi-Cylinder Direct Injection Diesel Engine on Particulate Filter Performance

Peterson, Amy M.; Lee, Po I.; Lai, Ming Chia; Wu, Ming‐Ho; DiMaggio, Craig L.

doi:10.4271/2009-01-1184

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is obvious that there is a decrease 20 o C using B20 blend, leading to lower temperatures inside filter walls and on filter's surface during regeneration process. This observation, which is in accordance with other researchers [64,159], can be mainly explained by the higher reactivity of biodiesel soot.  Comparing B0-02 with B20-02, it is obvious that at the same regeneration duration higher filter backpressure decrease is achieved with lower filter wall temperatures, about 28 o C, using B20-50 ppm Cerium doped fuel due to the higher reactivity and the higher Cerium quantity in the accumulated B20 soot layer.…”

Section: End Of Regenerationsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The use of some type of fuel quality sensor would be essential in this direction. The development of engine models that are flexible in fuelling by high percentage biodiesel blends could be rewarded by an improved performance of the exhaust treatment system (especially the diesel particulate filter) [63,64].…”

Section: Transient Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have shown improved DPF performance with the use of biodiesel blended fuels [60][61][62][63][64]. One such study measured two parameters used to gauge the performance of a DPF: balance point temperature and regeneration rate [61].…”

Section: Diesel Particulate Filter Performance -Soot Oxidation Reactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Experimental investigation of the steady state and transient operation of diesel engines fuelled by high percentage biodiesel blends

Tziourtzioumis¹,

Τζιουρτζιούμης²

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In Greece, biodiesel, in the form of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME), is produced since 2005 andcurrently mixed in the Diesel fuel at about 5.5% vol., this percentage being slowly but steadily increasing.The production capacity of existing biodiesel factories in Greece can supply the required quantities toincrease the biodiesel blending percentage up to 15%, provided that the necessary vegetable oil andrecycled oil quantities should become available and prices be favorable. According to Greek legislation, atleast 30% of the raw material must be domestically produced. This need is covered mainly by recycledcooking oils and only secondarily by energy crops in Northern Greece. The production of biodiesel fromlocal factories in Greece was regulated by means of distributing an annual quantity of biodiesel among thefactories, based on an algorithm that is modified every year. Automotive manufacturers allow running ofmodern diesel powered passenger cars on blends of biodiesel up to B20‐B30, provided that certainadditional maintenance measures are taken, including more frequent fuel and oil filter changes, along withinspection of engine oil level and the fuel lines and injection system components for possible leaks. In orderto ensure customer’s acceptance, standardization and quality assurance are key factors for the marketintroduction of biodiesel as transport fuel. This PhD thesis examines the effect of biodiesel fuel onperformance, efficiency, emissions and injection system durability of conventional and modern Dieselengines under steady state and transient operating conditions.These include a better understanding of the engine ECU operation with a high biodiesel (FAME) blend inmodern common‐rail injection Diesel engine, the study of the biodiesel combustion analyzing the capturedindicator graphs, the investigation of the filter regeneration behavior by means of the infraredthermography on a small filter module and in‐house computational tool and the study of biodieselatomization and injection characteristics by means of the Laser Doppler Velocimetry technique.In the first part of the Thesis, a better understanding of the engine ECU operation with a high biodiesel(FAME) blend in modern common‐rail injection Diesel engines is attempted. This understanding is appliedto the explanation of the observed effects on the engine performance and emissions characteristics withthis engine category. The results are compared to the relatively scarce works reported in the specializedliterature for the specific engine category and high blending ratios. Also, the effect of biodiesel blends inthe transient fuel system and engine operation is examined. Furthermore, the effect of prolonged engineoperation at a high biodiesel blend on the fuel system and the engine components is investigated.In the second part of the Thesis, the effect of low percentage biodiesel blends on the diesel filter loadingand regeneration behavior of a conventional, single cylinder Diesel engine with low pressure injectionsystem is presented. A fuel additive is employed in order to perform filter regeneration at relatively lowexhaust temperatures. The effect of the biodiesel on the filter regeneration is further investigated bymeans of infrared thermography on a small filter module and in‐house computational tool. In addition, theeffect of biodiesel on injection characteristics is investigated by means of Laser Doppler Velocimetrytechnique.Τhe results enhance our understanding of the engine ECU behavior with the high percentage biodieselblends. Certain modifications to engine ECU maps and control parameters are proposed and discussed,aimed at improvement of transient performance of modern engines run on high percentage biodieselblends. However, a high pressure pump failure that was observed after prolonged engine operation withthe B70 blend, hints to the use of more conservative biodiesel blending in fuel that should not exceed 30%for common rail engines.The observed benefits as regards the DPF extend also to the faster evolution of regeneration and thelower overall filter wall temperatures with favorable effects on the filter durability.

show abstract

Section: End Of Regenerationsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Transient Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental investigation of the steady state and transient operation of diesel engines fuelled by high percentage biodiesel blends

Tziourtzioumis¹,

Τζιουρτζιούμης²

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The volume and timing of these post-injections are set in the electronic control unit (ECU) by the manufacturer engine calibration department. But if the heating value of the fuel used by a user during real driving is not high enough, it may derive in a lower exhaust temperature than needed and, therefore, in unsuccessful or incomplete regenerations and eventually vehicle failure [25,26]. As in the case of density, the heating values of the blends tested changes quite linearly with the blend composition ( Figure 2).…”

Section: Lower Heating Valuementioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of Blends of Diesel Fuel and Advanced Biofuels Based on Their Physical and Thermochemical Properties

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Current policies focus on encouraging the use of renewable energy sources in transport to reduce the contribution of this sector to global warming and air pollution. In the short-term, attention is focused on developing renewable fuels. Among them, the so-called advanced biofuels, including non-crop and waste-based biofuels, possess important benefits such as higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emission savings and the capacity not to compete with food markets. Recently, European institutions have agreed on specific targets for the new Renewable Energy Directive (2018/2001), including 14% of renewable energy in rail and road transport by 2030. To achieve this, advanced biofuels will be double-counted, and their contribution must be at least 3.5% in 2030 (with a phase-in calendar from 2020). In this work, the fuel properties of blends of regular diesel fuel with four advanced biofuels derived from different sources and production processes are examined. These biofuels are (1) biobutanol produced by microbial ABE fermentation from renewable material, (2) HVO (hydrotreated vegetable oil) derived from hydrogenation of non-edible oils, (3) biodiesel from waste free fatty acids originated in the oil refining industry, and (4) a novel biofuel that combines fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and glycerol formal esters (FAGE), which contributes to a decrease in the excess of glycerol from current biodiesel plants. Blending ratios include 5, 10, 15, and 20% (% vol.) of biofuel, covering the range expected for biofuels in future years. Pure fuels and some higher ratios are considered as well to complete and discuss the tendencies. In the case of biodiesel and FAME/FAGE blends in diesel, ratios up to 20% meet all requirements set in current fuel quality standards. Larger blending ratios are possible for HVO blends if HVO is additivated to lubricity improvers. For biobutanol blends, the recommended blending ratio is limited to 10% or lower to avoid high water content and low cetane number.

show abstract

“…The attendant problem is that the different pressure across the DPF increases as the PM accumulates in the filter, Therefore, the DPF needs to be regenerated, which reduce the DPF negative impacts on the engine dynamics and economy [2,3]. DPF regeneration requires burning or oxidizing PMs with high carbon content accumulated in the DPF filter [4][5][6]. It is necessary to increase the carrier temperature to achieve the ignition temperature of PM, or use a catalyst to reduce the PM ignition temperature to the exhaust temperature of the engine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of biodiesel on continuous regeneration DPF characteristics

Chen

Xie

Gao

et al. 2017

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:A critical requirement for the implementation of DPF on a modern engine is the determination of Break-even Temperature (BET) which is defined as the temperature at which particulate deposition on the filter is balanced by particulate oxidation on the filter. In order to study the influence of biodiesel on the Regenerating Characteristics of Continuously Regeneration DPF, Bench test were carried out to investigate the BET of a continuously regeneration DPF assembled with a diesel engine fueled with neat diesel and biodiesel. Test results show that at the same engine operation conditions the fuel consumption is higher for biodiesel case, and also the intake air quantity and boost pressure are lower; the BET for the Diesel fuel is about 310 ℃ while it is about 250 ℃ for the Biodiesel case. When the engine is at the low torque and low exhaust temperature operation condition, CO conversion rate is extremely low, NO 2 /NO X ratio is small; with the increase of torque and exhaust temperature, CO conversion and NO 2 /NO X ratio increased significantly, and the maximum NO 2 /NO X ratio (about 35%) has been measured at 350 ℃. In addition, the DPF has better filtration efficiency for biodiesel PM, and the use of biodiesel to engine assembled with DPF has significant benefits.

show abstract

Impact of Biodiesel Emission Products from a Multi-Cylinder Direct Injection Diesel Engine on Particulate Filter Performance

Cited by 27 publications

References 10 publications

Experimental investigation of the steady state and transient operation of diesel engines fuelled by high percentage biodiesel blends

Experimental investigation of the steady state and transient operation of diesel engines fuelled by high percentage biodiesel blends

Selection of Blends of Diesel Fuel and Advanced Biofuels Based on Their Physical and Thermochemical Properties

Effects of biodiesel on continuous regeneration DPF characteristics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About