Immunostimulatory Effects of a Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Cell Wall Feed Supplement on Rohu (Labeo rohita), an Indian Major Carp

Pal, Devonita; Joardar, Siddhartha Narayan; Roy, Barun

doi:10.46989/001c.20525

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…The magnitude of the activities started to decrease after 42 days, maintaining a peak at a dose of 250 mg of β-glucan kg -1 diet. In another investigation, Pal et al (2007) reported similar results in rohu (L. rohita) fish. They evidenced that the ingestion of pelleted feed containing the yeast (S. cerevisiae) cell wall preparation (5 g/kg feed) increased the volume of reactive oxidative radicals and nitrogen intermediates (nitrite).…”

Section: Uses Of β-Glucan In Aquaculturesupporting

confidence: 52%

β-Glucan: Mode of Action and Its Uses in Fish Immunomodulation

et al. 2022

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β-glucan is considered as an effective immunostimulant because of its binding capacity to different receptors on leukocytes leading to the stimulation of immune responses including bactericidal activity, cytokine productivity, and survival fit ability at cellular levels. In response to immune cell surface receptors, β-glucan stimulates to release cytokines and chemokines. It has been found that these signaling proteins eventually stimulate the immunocompetent cells in fish such as monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils for killing pathogens by phagocytosis, oxidative burst, and cytotoxic killing activities. They also procreate immunological memories and specific antibodies through activation of T and B lymphocytes. Researchers have proved that β-glucan can modulate some important biochemical (serum hemoglobin, serum protein, and total hemocyte count) and immunological (lysozyme activity, phagocytic activity, oxidative burst activity, and phenoloxidase activity) properties providing more competent immune profile for treating fish and aquatic organisms. β-glucan-supplemented fish showed limited sensitivity of genes involved in acute inflammatory reactions. Findings have shown that β-glucan exerts a positive impact on fish and aquatic organisms’ immunity, enhancing their disease resistance by increasing functional and decreasing deleterious responses. This review focuses on the basic bump of β-glucan on fish and shellfish immunity and recent information on the uses of β-glucan in progressive aquaculture.

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Section: Uses Of β-Glucan In Aquaculturesupporting

confidence: 52%

β-Glucan: Mode of Action and Its Uses in Fish Immunomodulation

et al. 2022

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“…Indeed, supplementing this polysaccharide has been shown to be an effective strategy for enhancing innate immunity in fish, even when included as an integral component of the fungal cell wall. El-Boshy, et al [114], Pal, et al [115], and Chang, et al [116] showed that feeds containing yeast (S. cerevisiae) cell wall preparations and the processed mycelia of mushrooms (Ganoderma lucidum and Coriolus versicolor) can improve the activity of innate immune system parameters. Chang, et al [116] observed that orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) fed 1 g and 2 g of fungal βglucan per kg of diet had significantly higher ACH50 activity against bacterial infections.…”

Section: Humoral Innate Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid-State Fermentation of Plant Feedstuff Mixture Affected the Physiological Responses of European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Reared at Different Temperatures and Subjected to Salinity Oscillation

Amaral

Filipe

Cavalheri

et al. 2023

Animals

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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of plant feedstuff mixture (PFM) pre-treated by solid-state fermentation (SSF) on the physiological responses of European seabass. For that purpose, two diets were formulated to contain: 20% inclusion level of non-fermented plant ingredients mixture (20Mix) and 20Mix fermented by A. niger in SSF conditions (20Mix-SSF). Seabass juveniles (initial body weight: 20.9 ± 3.3 g) were fed the experimental diets, reared at two different temperatures (21 and 26 °C) and subjected to weekly salinity oscillations for six weeks. Growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, humoral immune parameters, and oxidative stress indicators were evaluated. A reduction in weight gain, feed intake, and thermal growth coefficient was observed in fish fed the fermented diet (20Mix-SSF). Salinity oscillation led to an increase in weight gain, feed efficiency, daily growth index, and thermal growth coefficient, regardless of dietary treatment. Higher rearing temperatures also increased daily growth index. No dietary effect was observed on digestive enzymes activities, whereas rearing temperature and salinity oscillation modulated digestive enzyme activities. Oxidative stress responses were significantly affected by experimental diets, temperature, and salinity conditions. Catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities showed an interactive effect. Fish reared at 21 °C showed higher enzymatic activity when fed the 20Mix-SSF. Conversely, fish reared at 26 °C showed higher GPx activity when fed the 20Mix diet. Fish reared at 26 °C showed reduced peroxidase and lysozyme activities, while salinity fluctuation led to increased lysozyme activity and decreased ACH50 activity. ACH50 activity increased in fish fed the 20Mix-SSF. Overall, the dietary inclusion of PFM fermented by A. niger was unable to mitigate the impact of environmental stress on physiological performance in European seabass. In fact, fermented feed caused an inhibition of growth performances and an alteration of some physiological stress indicators.

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“…Later, Lara-Flores et al [64] evaluated a probiotic mix consisting of S. faecium, Lactobacillus acidophilus and S. cerevisiae as growth promoters in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry and revealed that diet supplemented with S. cerevisiae improved growth performance and feed efficiency, suggesting that yeast might be considered to be an appropriate growth-stimulating additive in tilapia cultivation. Subsequently, S. cerevisiae has been reported to enhance growth performance, immune responses and disease resistance in various finfish, such as rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), [27] common carp (Cyprinus carpio) [65], grouper (Epinephelus coioides) [66], Nile tilapia [67], olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) [68], and hybrid striped bass (Morone chrysops × M. saxatilis) [69][70][71], as well as and in carp culture [72,73].…”

Section: Saccharomycesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi and Actinobacteria: Alternative Probiotics for Sustainable Aquaculture

Ghosh,

Harikrishnan,

Mukhopadhyay

et al. 2023

Fishes

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Aquatic animals are continually being exposed to stressors under farming conditions, increasing risks to gut health that result in dysbiosis. Since restrictions are imposed on the frequent use of antibiotics in aquaculture, there is emerging demand for economically viable, environmentally safe, and sustainable alternatives for the intensive production of aquaculture species. The application of beneficial microorganisms as probiotics has been suggested and widely practiced in recent times. Bacteria and fungi are ubiquitous microorganisms that can grow in various environments where organic substrates are available. Being rich in nutrients, a fish’s aquatic environment and gastrointestinal tract confer a favorable culture milieu for the microorganisms. However, the colonization and probiotic potential of fungi and mycelial bacteria resembling fungi (actinobacteria), either in the culture environment or within the gastrointestinal tracts of fish, have received less emphasis. Apart from bacilli and lactic acid bacteria, as the most conventionally used probiotics in aquaculture, numerous studies have focused on other promising alternatives. Diverse species of yeasts and molds belonging to the kingdom ‘Fungi’ have been characterized for their prospective roles in nutrition, immunomodulation, and disease prevention in fish. Bioactive compounds such as manno-oligosaccharides and β-glucans are recognized as fungal postbiotics that improve innate immunity and disease resistance in fish. Actinobacteria are known to possess different hydrolytic enzymes and novel secondary metabolites representing their probiotic attributes. The application of these groups in water quality amelioration has also been explored. Thus, this paper presents an overview of the present status of knowledge pertaining to the effects of yeasts (Candida, Cryptococcus, Debaryomyces, Geotrichum, Leucosporidium, Pichia, Rhodosporidium, Rhodotorula, Saccharomyces, Sporidiobolus, Sporobolomyces, Trichosporon and Yarrowialipolytica), molds (Aspergillus spp.) and actinobacteria (Streptomyces) as probiotics in finfish aquaculture, as well as their occurrence within the gastrointestinal tracts of finfish. Furthermore, probiotic mechanisms, selection criteria, and future perspectives on using fungi and actinobacteria as promising probiotics are discussed.

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Immunostimulatory Effects of a Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Cell Wall Feed Supplement on Rohu (Labeo rohita), an Indian Major Carp

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

β-Glucan: Mode of Action and Its Uses in Fish Immunomodulation

β-Glucan: Mode of Action and Its Uses in Fish Immunomodulation

Solid-State Fermentation of Plant Feedstuff Mixture Affected the Physiological Responses of European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Reared at Different Temperatures and Subjected to Salinity Oscillation

Fungi and Actinobacteria: Alternative Probiotics for Sustainable Aquaculture

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