Immunoregenerative effects of the bionically cultured Sanghuang mushrooms (Inonotus sanghuagn) on the immunodeficient mice

Zhang

et al. 2021

BMC Genomics

Background Sanghuangporus sanghuang is a well-known traditional medicinal mushroom associated with mulberry. Despite the properties of this mushroom being known for many years, the regulatory mechanisms of bioactive compound biosynthesis in this medicinal mushroom are still unclear. Lysine malonylation is a posttranslational modification that has many critical functions in various aspects of cell metabolism. However, at present we do not know its role in S. sanghuang. In this study, a global investigation of the lysine malonylome in S. sanghuang was therefore carried out. Results In total, 714 malonyl modification sites were matched to 255 different proteins. The analysis indicated that malonyl modifications were involved in a wide range of cellular functions and displayed a distinct subcellular localization. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that malonylated proteins were engaged in different metabolic pathways, including glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Notably, a total of 26 enzymes related to triterpene and polysaccharide biosynthesis were found to be malonylated, indicating an indispensable role of lysine malonylation in bioactive compound biosynthesis in S. sanghuang. Conclusions These findings suggest that malonylation is associated with many metabolic pathways, particularly the metabolism of the bioactive compounds triterpene and polysaccharide. This paper represents the first comprehensive survey of malonylation in S. sanghuang and provides important data for further study on the physiological function of lysine malonylation in S. sanghuang and other medicinal mushrooms.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic analysis of the lysine malonylome in Sanghuangporus sanghuang

Zhang

et al. 2021

BMC Genomics

“…In this paper, we performed the rst proteomic survey of lysine malonylation in S. sanghuang. It has been reported that S. sanghuang is capable of producing many active substances, such as terpenes, avonoids, and polysaccharides [38][39][40][41]. The metabolic processes of bioactive substances are related to secondary metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Analysis of the Lysine Malonylome in Sanghuangporus Sanghuang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Preprint

Background: Sanghuangporus sanghuang is a well-known traditional medicinal mushroom associated with mulberry, which has enormous economic and medical value. Despite being known for many years, proteomics studies of S. sanghuang have not been reported. In this paper, a series of technologies, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) classification technology, malonyl peptide segment enrichment technology and proteomics technology, are combined to study the qualitative analysis of malonylation in S. sanghuang.Results: Strategies for qualitative proteomics included malonyl enrichment and high-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In total, 714 malonyl modification sites were matched to 255 different proteins. The analysis indicated that malonyl modifications are involved in a wide range of acellular functions and displayed a distinct subcellular localization.Bioinformatics analysis indicates that malonylated proteins are engaged in different metabolic pathways, including glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle; consequently, a total of 26 enzymes related to triterpene and polysaccharide biosynthesis were found to be malonylated.Conclusions: These findings suggest that malonylation is associated with many metabolic pathways, particularly the metabolism of bioactive compounds. This paper provides the first comprehensive survey of malonylation in S. sanghuang.

“…Currently, the polysaccharides extracted from natural resources have drawn widespread concern around the world for their safety, non-toxic, and, thus, potential applications in functional food and biomedical products (Singdevsachan et al, 2016 ; Liu L. Q. et al, 2019 ; Yang M. Y. et al, 2019 ; Wang H. et al, 2021 ). Sanghuang has long been recognized as a class of famous medicinal mushrooms and contains a huge variety of biologically active ingredients, including polysaccharides (Yang et al, 2020 ), flavonoids (Wu et al, 2019 ) triterpenoids (Rajachan et al, 2020 ), polyphenols (Hwang et al, 2015 ; Liu et al, 2017 ), alkaloids (Wu et al, 2019 ), enzymes (Wang et al, 2020a , b ), lipids (He et al, 2021b ), and other compounds (Chen et al, 2016 ; Martinez-Medina et al, 2021 ), which have been manifested to possess various biological activities (Aida et al, 2009 ; Reis et al, 2017 ; Wen et al, 2019 ; Shi et al, 2020 ; Yang et al, 2020 ; Ajith and Janardhanan, 2021 ). Especially, the most dominant active component of sanghuang is a polysaccharide, which exerts various health-promoting effects, including free-radical scavenging ability (Gong et al, 2020 ), anti-tumor (Chakraborty et al, 2019 ), anti-microbial (He et al, 2021b ), anti-inflammatory (Hou et al, 2020 ), neuroprotective (Chen et al, 2019 ), hepatoprotective (Yuan et al, 2019 ), anti-diabetic (Gong et al, 2020 ), and immunomodulatory (Meng et al, 2016 ) activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current advances and potential trends of the polysaccharides derived from medicinal mushrooms sanghuang

Zhou

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

For thousands of years, sanghuang is distinctive as a general designation for a group of precious and rare Chinese medicinal mushrooms. Numerous investigations have revealed that polysaccharide is one of the important biological active ingredients of sanghuang with various excellent biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-aging, anti-tumor, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, and anti-microbial functionalities. For the past two decades, preparation, structural characterization, and reliable bioactivities of the polysaccharides from fruiting bodies, cultured mycelia, and fermentation broth of sanghuang have been arousing extensive interest, and particularly, different strains, sources, and isolation protocols might result in obvious discrepancies in structural features and bioactivities. Therefore, this review summarizes the recent reports on preparation strategies, structural features, bioactivities, and structure-activity relationships of sanghuang polysaccharides, which will enrich the knowledge on the values of natural sanghuang polysaccharides and support their further development and utilization as therapeutic agents, vaccines, and functional foods in tonic and clinical treatment.