Immunomodulatory Activities on RAW 264.7 Macrophages of a Polysaccharide from Veiled Lady Mushroom, Dictyophora indusiata (Higher Basidiomycetes)

Abstract

A water-soluble polysaccharide named DI was extracted from the fruiting bodies of gastroid mushroom Dictyophora indusiata with boiling water. The chemical and physical characteristics of DI were investigated by a combination of chemical and instrumental analysis methods. The immunomodulatory activities on RAW 264.7 macrophage of DI in vitro were also studied. The results showed that DI is a β-(1→3)-glucan with side branches of β-(1→6)-glucosyl units, and it has triple-helical structure. DI has no toxic effect on cells, but can promote macrophage multiplication. DI significantly affects the immune function by promoting the production of nitric oxide and cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1, -6, and -12, showing an obvious dose-effect relationship. This work extends the application scope of the polysaccharide from D. indusiata in the biomedical field.

Mechanism of the immunostimulatory activity by a polysaccharide from Dictyophora indusiata

“…indusiata is commonly used as a biopharmaceutical material because of its broad spectrum of bioactivities, such as antioxidant, immunostimulation and antitumour effects. In our previous study, DIP, a polysaccharide isolated from D. indusiata, activates macrophages accompanied by promoting the production of NO and various cytokines [2]. Nevertheless, its immunostimulatry activity remains poorly understood.…”

“…For example, Liao et al found that a novel polysaccharide from D. indusiata markedly enhances the NO secretion and up-regulates the TNF-α and IL-6 production in a dose-dependent manner [33]. Fu et al demonstrated that DIP can significantly enhance the production of NO and TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-12 in RAW264.7 cells [2]. Our results confirmed that DIP can induce the production of NO, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in vitro.…”

“…Polysaccharides, a major class of bioactive ingredients of edible mushroom (Lentinus edodes, Ganoderma atru, Inonotus obliquus, and so on), have been extensively investigated because of their multiple beneficial potencies and relatively low toxicities [2,3]. Lentinan, a β-D-glucan isolated from Lentinus edodes, could induce apoptosis of S180 cells via mitochondria pathways [4].…”

“…indusiata also exhibits excellent antioxidant [10], antitumor and immunostimulatory 4 activities [11,2]. However, as a widely used immunomodulatory nutrient ， the molecular mechanism of the polysaccharide from D. indusiata has remained largely elusive.…”

Bioactivities and Health Benefits of Mushrooms Mainly from China

“…The research showed that the polysaccharides could promote macrophage multiplication. In other words, the polysaccharides significantly affected immune functions by prompting the production of nitric oxide and cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1, -6, and -12 [40]. Proteins from the mushrooms were also studied, because bioactive proteins were regarded as an important group of functional agents in medicinal mushrooms.…”