A B S T R A C T Human lymphocytes from normal peripheral blood, thymus, spleen, thoracic duct, and peripheral lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphatic leukemia were studied for complement receptor sites (CRL), surface immunoglobulin (SIg), and for the ability to form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes (TRFC). The two B cell markers (CRL and SIg) were found to be in overlapping, but not totally identical populations, whereas cells that were able to form rosettes were found in a totally unrelated population of lymphocytes; TRFC is therefore probably a reliable marker for T cells. In peripheral blood 24% of lymphocytes had SIg, but only half of these were also CRL. Almost all of the non-SIg peripheral blood lymphocytes were TRFC. In the spleen and thoracic duct only a few lymphocytes were observed that had SIg and were not CRL. On the other hand, in two of three spleens studied 10-20% of cells were CRL that did not have SIg. In the thoracic duct all non-CRL, non-SIg cells were TRFC. In chronic lymphatic leukemia three findings were made: (a) The presence or absence of CRL was independent of the presence or absence of SIg so that in individuals whose cells were non-SIg, CRL were usually plentiful.