Immunobiology of the Tomatine adjuvant

Morrow, W. J. W.; Yang, Yao-Hsu; Sheikh, Nadeem A.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.03.022

Cited by 64 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…We suggest that the mechanism(s) of the chemo-preventive effect of tomatine may be the result of multiple molecular events including formation of complexes with cholesterol [8], potentiation of the immune system [10], and direct destruction of cancer cells via disruption of cell membranes [11,39,40]. This latter process is initiated by binding (intercalation) of tomatine to cholesterol located within cell membranes [4,41].…”

Section: Anticarcinogenic Effects Of Tomatinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reported immunopotentiating effect of tomatine of T-cell mediated regression of lymphoid experimental tumors (EG7-Ova) may be the result of costimulation of CD80 and CD86 to induce antigen-specific cellular immunity [10]. Because tomatine induced antigen-specific cellular immunity in mice, the authors suggest that tomatine possesses remarkable potential as a vaccine adjuvant for infectious diseases as well as for cancer immunotherapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rainbow trout model is highly sensitive to diverse chemical carcinogens and is a statistically powerful vertebrate model used in many comparative studies of chemical [4], disruption of cancer cell membranes [11,39], and stimulation of the immune system [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protective effect of dietary tomatine against dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DBP)‐induced liver and stomach tumors in rainbow trout

Friedman¹,

McQuistan²,

Hendricks³

et al. 2007

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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The potential anti-carcinogenic effects of tomatine, a mixture of commercial tomato glycoalkaloids alpha-tomatine and dehydrotomatine (10:1), were examined in the rainbow trout chemoprevention model. Prior to the chemoprevention study, a preliminary toxicity study revealed that tomatine in the diet fed daily at doses from 100 to 2000 parts per million (ppm) for 4 weeks was not toxic to trout. For the tumor study, replicate groups of 105 trout were fed diets containing dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DBP) alone (224 ppm), (N = 3), DBP plus tomatine at 2000 ppm (N = 2), tomatine alone (N = 2), or control diet (N = 2) for 4 weeks. The fish were then returned to control diet for 8 months and necropsied for histopathology. Dietary tomatine was found to reduce DBP-initiated liver tumor incidence from 37.0 to 19.0% and stomach tumor incidence from 46.4 to 29.4%. Tomatine also reduced stomach tumor multiplicity. The tomatine-containing diets did not induce mortality, change in fish weights, or liver weights. No adverse pathological effects in the tissues of the fish on the tomatine diets were observed. Dose-response and chemopreventive mechanisms for tomatine protection remain to be examined. This is the first report on the anticarcinogenic effects of tomatine in vivo.

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Section: Anticarcinogenic Effects Of Tomatinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protective effect of dietary tomatine against dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DBP)‐induced liver and stomach tumors in rainbow trout

Friedman¹,

McQuistan²,

Hendricks³

et al. 2007

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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“…Broystatin 1, a protein kinase C modulator, could stimulate chemokine release from dendritic cells and be used for cancer vaccines [416]. Tomatine, a glycoalkaloid (rod-like structures under microscope), was shown to be capable of stimulating potent antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses leading to protection against malaria, Francisella tularensis and regression of experimental tumors [417]. Other plant isolates were found to promote both Th1 and Th2 effects in mice such as paclitaxel (a diterpenoid) for ovalbumin [418], RLJ-NE-299A, a mixture of iridoid glycosides for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) [419], and acylated derivatives of iridoid glycosides for ovalbumin [420].…”

Section: Miscellaneous Compounds/means As Adjuvantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of Adjuvants for Enhanced Vaccine Potency

Wang¹,

Singh²

2011

WJV

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“…In mammals, a wide variety of health-promoting properties of ΤΟΜ have been reported, including the lowering of plasma concentrations of LDL and triacylglycerols 3 and cardiotonic 1 and antiviral activity 4 . ΤΟΜ may also contribute to the stimulation of antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune response, including the augmentation of anticancer defence 5 . Friedman et al 6 reported the chemopreventive effect of ΤΟΜ against liver and stomach cancer in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walb.).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The anticancer activity of alpha-tomatine against mammary adenocarcinoma in mice

Tomšík¹,

Mičuda²,

Suchá³

et al. 2013

BIOMED PAP

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Aim. To evaluate the anticancer effect of alpha-tomatine (i.p.) either alone or in combination with doxorubicin (i.v.) in a mouse tumour model. Methods. We studied the effect of repeated alpha-tomatine (0.1 -9 mg/kg) and/or doxorubicin (2 mg/kg) on the growth and mitotic activity of the solid Ehrlich tumour in vivo, as well as on the survival of the tumour-bearing mice. Results. Monotherapy with alpha-tomatine had a significant dose-dependent anticancer effect which peaked at 1 mg/kg. This was shown by both slowed tumour growth and reduced tumour cell proliferation. We also provide the first evidence that the combination alpha-tomatine (1 mg/kg) and doxorubicin (2 mg/kg) had a synergistic effect and significantly prolonged the survival of the mice. Neither alpha-tomatine nor doxorubicin influenced the infiltration of tumours with CD3+ lymphocytes; nor were we able to find an in vivo modulation of the key molecules of two regulatory pathways reported in vitro as the principal anti-cancer mechanisms of alpha-tomatine, i.e. iNOS and phosphorylated ERK2. However, alpha-tomatine still led to intracellular DNA inhibition and protein synthesis in Ehrlich tumour cells in a short-term culture ex vivo with IC 50 values of 8.7 and 6.6 µM. Conclusions.The results suggest that ΤΟΜ, especially in combination with doxorubicin, may be a promising agent for the treatment of malignant solid tumours. Despite growing knowledge of the mechanisms of ΤΟΜ action in cancer cells, most aspects remain unclear. Parallel organ toxicity, especially potential liver effects, requires careful attention when performing in vivo studies in the future.

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Immunobiology of the Tomatine adjuvant

Cited by 64 publications

References 18 publications

Protective effect of dietary tomatine against dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DBP)‐induced liver and stomach tumors in rainbow trout

Protective effect of dietary tomatine against dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DBP)‐induced liver and stomach tumors in rainbow trout

Selection of Adjuvants for Enhanced Vaccine Potency

The anticancer activity of alpha-tomatine against mammary adenocarcinoma in mice

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