Immune response in COVID-19: A review

Chowdhury, Mohammad Asaduzzaman; Hossain, Nayem; Kashem, Mohammod Abul; Shahid, Abdus; Alam, Arshad

doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2020.07.001

Cited by 365 publications

(356 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Most severe COVID-19 cases exhibit a cytokine storm syndrome, leading to a poor prognosis [177]. Although the immune response during COVID-19 progression has been extensively studied in the short time since SARS-CoV-2 was identified [178][179][180], the role of immune checkpoints in this process is still not clear [181]. Reports indicate that the absolute numbers of peripheral blood NK cells, B-cells, and CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes were all lower in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with those in healthy controls.…”

Section: Immune Checkpoints In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Checkpoints in Viral Infections

Cai

Liu

Zhong

et al. 2020

Viruses

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As evidence has mounted that virus-infected cells, such as cancer cells, negatively regulate the function of T-cells via immune checkpoints, it has become increasingly clear that viral infections similarly exploit immune checkpoints as an immune system escape mechanism. Although immune checkpoint therapy has been successfully used in cancer treatment, numerous studies have suggested that such therapy may also be highly relevant for treating viral infection, especially chronic viral infections. However, it has not yet been applied in this manner. Here, we reviewed recent findings regarding immune checkpoints in viral infections, including COVID-19, and discussed the role of immune checkpoints in different viral infections, as well as the potential for applying immune checkpoint blockades as antiviral therapy.

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Section: Immune Checkpoints In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Checkpoints in Viral Infections

Cai

Liu

Zhong

et al. 2020

Viruses

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“…1) Nabs of the transfused plasma can suppresses the viruses or helps in virus clearance [9]. In case of COVID-19, the peak of viraemia in a patient is prominent in the first week of infection and the primary immune response of the host generally develops from day 10 to day 14 from the infection [10]. Thus administration of convalescent plasma would be more effective if administered at the early stage of the disease but currently it is not possible due to the treatment guideline provided by FDA [11].…”

Section: Convalescent Plasma Therapy (Cpt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Convalescent plasma therapy: A promising solution for SARS-CoV-2 outbreak

Singh¹,

Chaterjee²,

Sirohi³

et al. 2021

JCB

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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused more than 18 million confirmed cases and 700000 deaths worldwide after the outbreak in November 2019 (COVID-19). It has been considered as most pathogenic infection under this category. Till date none of the therapeutics or prophylaxis measures have been claimed by any researcher which could cure the patient suffering from the SARS-CoV-2 infection. There is an urgent need for any alternative and effective way of disease management for COVID-19. However, convalescent plasma therapy (CPT) has gain attention of researchers with significant improvement of patient survival rate. Interestingly, there are numerous examples where CPT has proven its potential upon post-exposure prophylaxis and/or treatment in various diseases including COVID-19. This review summarizes the essential elements related to CPT, its past clinical evidences and application of CPT for the management of SARS-CoV-2 infection during COVID-19. We used the published literatures from PubMed, EMBASE and Medline databases until 31st May 2020.

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“…nsp1, nsp3, nsp16, ORF3b and ORF6) which interfere with TLR-3 signaling via binding to the CoV dsRNA during replication thus prevent from TLR-3 activation [46]. and IFN-γ production [13]. On the other hand, lym-70 phopenia has frequently been reported in severe forms 71 of COVID-19 which was associated with the high levels 72 of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α cytokines [14].…”

Section: Immune Response To Coronavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19: Significance of antibodies

Assadiasl

Fatahi

Zavvar

et al. 2020

HAB

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The newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has recently caused pandemic Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). Considering the serious medical, economic and social consequences of this pandemic and the lack of definite medication and vaccine it is necessary to describe natural immune responses to the SARS-CoV-2 in order to exploit them for treating the patients and monitoring the general population. Moreover, detecting the most immunogenic antigens of the virus is fundamental for designing effective vaccines. Antibodies being valuable for diagnostic therapeutic and protective purposes are suitable to be addressed in this context. Herein, we have summarized the findings of serological investigations and the outcomes of neutralizing antibodies administration in COVID-19 patients.

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Immune response in COVID-19: A review

Cited by 365 publications

References 76 publications

Immune Checkpoints in Viral Infections

Immune Checkpoints in Viral Infections

Convalescent plasma therapy: A promising solution for SARS-CoV-2 outbreak

COVID-19: Significance of antibodies

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