Immune response, disease resistance and intestinal microflora of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) fed graded levels of pantothenic acid

Abstract

This study was to investigate the effect of dietary pantothenic acid (PA) on the disease resistance, immune response and intestinal microflora on juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). Seven diets (4.0, 15.5, 25.6, 36.1, 45.9, 56.1 and 65.9 mg PA kg )1 ) were fed to Jian carp (12.95 ± 0.03 g) for 9 weeks. After 9-week feeding trial, the challenge experiment with Aeromonas hydrophila was conducted to determine the impact of PA on fish disease resistance. Survival rate after challenge was promoted with the increasing PA levels (P < 0.05). Blood counts also significantly increased up to the dietary PA level of 25.6 mg PA kg )1 (P < 0.05). Leucocyte phagocytic activity, lectin potency, lysozyme and acid phosphatase activity, and total iron-binding capacity were improved with increasing PA levels (P < 0.05). Serum immunoglobulin M level and agglutination antibody titre to A. hydrophila were increased (P < 0.05) in fish fed the diets with the dietary PA levels between 56.1 and 65.9 mg kg )1 . PA also promoted the growth and reproduction of Lactobacillus and depressed Escherichia coli and A. hydrophila (P < 0.05). These results suggested that pantothenic acid could improve disease resistance, immune response, and the balance of intestinal microflora in juvenile Jian carp. KEY WORDS

Dietary riboflavin deficiency decreases immunity and antioxidant capacity, and changes tight junction proteins and related signaling molecules mRNA expression in the gills of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

“…The results indicated for the first time that riboflavin requirements of fish for immunity and antioxidant were higher than that for growth. Similar results of other nutrients like myo-inositol and pantothenic acid have been reported in Jian carp [35,89].…”

Dietary pantothenic acid deficiency and excess depress the growth, intestinal mucosal immune and physical functions by regulating NF-κB, TOR, Nrf2 and MLCK signaling pathways in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

“…Accordingly, the intestinal mucosal immune requirement was higher than the growth requirement, indicating that more PA is required for the development of intestinal mucosal immune of fish. Similarly, the requirement of PA based on immune requirement (according to LA activity) was higher than that on growth requirement of Jian carp [6,96].…”

Effects of graded levels of dietary vitamin C on the growth, digestive capacity and intestinal microflora of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian)

“…At present, it has scarcely been reported as to whether AA affects the microbial population. However, a similar trend has been reported for myo ‐inositol, pantothenic acid and methionine (Jiang et al 2009a; Tang et al 2009; Wen, Liu et al 2009) in juvenile Jian carp.…”

“…In addition, the intestinal microbiota is sensitive to dietary changes (Ringø & Birkbeck 1999). The previous studies in our laboratory have demonstrated that myo ‐inositol, pantothenic acid and methionine could promote the growth and reproduction of beneficial bacteria and depress harmful bacteria in the intestine of juvenile Jian carp (Jiang et al 2009a; Tang, Wang, Jiang, Feng, Liu, Li, Kuang & Zhou 2009; Wen, Feng, Jiang, Liu & Zhou 2010). However, to our knowledge, few studies have evaluated the effects of AA on intestinal microflora of fish.…”