Imidacloprid Poisoning—Newer Insecticide and Fatal Toxicity

Iyyadurai, Ramya; George, Ige; Peter, John Victor

doi:10.1007/s13181-010-0041-6

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Clinical manifestations include tachycardia, hypotension, electrocardiogram changes, hypoxia and thirst in the case of the highest serum concentration of acetamiprid. The symptoms were partly similar to acute organophosphate intoxication [30]. In one case, ventricular ibrillation that lasted 11 h after ingestion was described [45].…”

Section: Sri Lankamentioning

confidence: 76%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Acute Poisoning with Neonicotinoid Insecticide

Nistor¹,

Frăsinariu²,

Ştreangă³

2017

Poisoning - From Specific Toxic Agents to Novel Rapid and Simplified Techniques for Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neonicotinoids are a class of insecticides considered less toxic to humans than organophosphates, carbamates, organochloride and pyrethroids. The purpose of this chapter was to systematize existing data in the literature on acute intoxication with neonicotinoids to help practitioners. Clinical manifestations vary across diferent human systems.Gastrointestinal symptoms consist of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and corrosive lesions. In the central nervous system, headaches, agitation, confusion, fasciculations, seizures or coma may occur, while tachycardia or bradycardia, hypertension, hypotension and palpitations occur in the cardiovascular system. Respiratory efects are dyspnea, aspiration pneumonia or respiratory failure. Solvents that drive the insecticide also have an important role in the toxic efects. There are no speciic biological tests of neonicotinoid intoxication, and their dosing is not routinely available. Treatment is symptomatic. Mortality is less than 3%, well below the poisoning with anticholinesterase insecticides, like organophosphates and carbamates.

show abstract

Section: Sri Lankamentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Thus, eight cases were reported in India [27][28][29][30][31][32][33], two in Turkey [34,35], two in Portugal [36], two in Colombia [37], two in Japan [38], one case in Saudi Arabia [39], Iran [40], Poland [41] and four cases in Taiwan [41][42][43][44][45].…”

Section: Poisoning -From Specific Toxic Agents To Novel Rapid and Simmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Poisoning with Neonicotinoid Insecticide

Nistor¹,

Frăsinariu²,

Ştreangă³

2017

Poisoning - From Specific Toxic Agents to Novel Rapid and Simplified Techniques for Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although serious outcomes and even deaths have been reported with exposures to these pesticides, there is limited information on human exposures to neonicotinoids, much of it consisting of case reports and case series. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] The most commonly reported neonicotinoid was imidacloprid, followed by dinotefuran. The other two investigations using poison center data likewise found imidacloprid to be the most commonly reported neonicotinoid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonicotinoid insecticide exposures reported to six poison centers in Texas

Forrester

2014

Hum Exp Toxicol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neonicotinoids are a relatively newer class of insecticide. Used primarily in agriculture, neonicotinoids are also used for flea control in domestic animals. Information on human exposures to neonicotinoids is limited. Neonicotinoid exposures reported to Texas poison centers during 2000–2012 were identified and the distribution by selected factors examined. Of 1,142 total exposures, most products contained imidacloprid (77%) or dinotefuran (17%). The exposures were seasonal with half reported during May–August. The most common routes of exposure were ingestion (51%), dermal (44%), and ocular (11%). The distribution by patient age was 5 years or less (28%), 6–19 years (9%), 20 years or more (61%), and unknown (2%); and 64% of the patients were female. Of all, 97% of the exposures were unintentional and 97% occurred at the patient’s own residence. The management site was on-site (92%), already at/en route to a health care facility (6%), and referred to a health care facility (2%). The medical outcomes included no effect (22%), minor effect (11%), moderate effect (1%), not followed judged nontoxic (14%), not followed minimal effects (46%), unable to follow potentially toxic (1%), and unrelated effect (4%). The most commonly reported adverse clinical effects were ocular irritation (6%), dermal irritation (5%), nausea (3%), vomiting (2%), oral irritation (2%), erythema (2%), and red eye (2%). The most frequently reported treatments were dilution/wash (85%) and food (6%). In summary, these data suggest that the majority of neonicotinoid exposures reported to the poison centers may be managed outside of health care facilities with few clinical effects expected.

show abstract

“…The mortality rates of neonicotinoid poisoning in two large studies were 0–2.9%, which is much lower than that of other insecticides . However, severe intoxication and even death after exposure to neonicotinoid were reported . The exact mechanisms of neonicotinoid poisoning are still unknown, and physicians are unaware of the warning signs that could indicate the development of severe morbidity or poor outcome.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Poisoning with Neonicotinoid Insecticides: A Case Report and Literature Review

Lin

Liao

et al. 2013

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neonicotinoids are a new class of insecticides widely applied for crop protection. These insecticides act as agonists at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, which cause insect paralysis and death. The high specificity for receptors in insects was considered to possess highly selective toxicity to insects and relative sparing of mammals. However, an increasing number of cases of acute neonicotinoid poisoning have been reported in recent years. We reported a man who developed respiratory failure and shock after ingestion of neonicotinoid insecticide. A detailed literature review found that respiratory, cardiovascular and certain neurological presentations are warning signs of severe neonicotinoid intoxication. The amounts of ingested neonicotinoid insecticide and the plasma neonicotinoid concentration are not useful guides for the management of intoxicated patients. Supportive treatment and decontamination are the practical methods for the management of all neonicotinoid-poisoned patients.Neonicotinoids, a new class of insecticide, are effective for crop protection and flea control. The insecticides act as agonists at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and cause insect paralysis and death [1,2]. The high specificity for receptors in insect contributes to their selective toxicity to insects and relative sparing of mammals [1]. The relatively low risk for nontarget organisms and the environment, the high specificity for target insects and the versatility in application methods have made neonicotinoids popular insecticides in recent years [1][2][3]. Accordingly, the number of cases with acute neonicotinoid poisoning also has dramatically increased in Taiwan [4]. The mortality rates of neonicotinoid poisoning in two large studies were 0-2.9%, which is much lower than that of other insecticides [4,5]. However, severe intoxication and even death after exposure to neonicotinoid were reported [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. The exact mechanisms of neonicotinoid poisoning are still unknown, and physicians are unaware of the warning signs that could indicate the development of severe morbidity or poor outcome. Herein, we presented a patient with neonicotinoid poisoning from suicide attempt and reviewed the literature for better understanding the clinical features and management. Case ReportA 56-year-old man with a history of depression was treated in a psychiatric clinic regularly for 20 years. His wife found him attempting to commit suicide by ingesting approximately 40 ml of pesticide 20 min. before his arrival at the emergency department; he retched and vomited persistently. The pesticide was Tie-Sha-Zhang, which contains 9.6% imidacloprid in the solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. At the time of arrival, his vital signs were as follows: body temperature, 36°C; pulse, 79 beats/min.; respiratory rate, 24/min.; and blood pressure, 87/ 56 mmHg. A physical examination revealed a drowsy man with dyspnoea, diaphoresis, drooling and multiple oral ulcers. Laboratory investigations demonstrated a white cell count of 1...

show abstract

Imidacloprid Poisoning—Newer Insecticide and Fatal Toxicity

Cited by 26 publications

References 7 publications

Acute Poisoning with Neonicotinoid Insecticide

Acute Poisoning with Neonicotinoid Insecticide

Neonicotinoid insecticide exposures reported to six poison centers in Texas

Acute Poisoning with Neonicotinoid Insecticides: A Case Report and Literature Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About