Imaging of nonlocal hot-electron energy dissipation via shot noise

Weng, Qianchun; Komiyama, S.; Yang, Le; An, Zhenghua; Chen, Pingping; Biehs, Svend‐Age; Kajihara, Yusuke; Lü, Wei

doi:10.1126/science.aam9991

Cited by 97 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In their work, a passive imaging technique was proposed in which the thermal evanescent waves from the sample surface directly provided near‐field interactions with the tip and eventually scattered into the far‐field. Another recent work by Weng et al proposed an s‐SNOM‐based method of imaging nonlocal electron energy dissipation by measuring the local current fluctuations generated by nonequilibrium electrons 4)Furthermore, the current spatial resolution of s‐SNOM is predominantly limited by the curvature radius of the tip apex.…”

Section: Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern Scattering‐Type Scanning Near‐Field Optical Microscopy for Advanced Material Research

et al. 2019

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IntroductionOver the past decade, optical near-field techniques, especially scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy Infrared and optical spectroscopy represents one of the most informative methods in advanced materials research. As an important branch of modern optical techniques that has blossomed in the past decade, scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) promises deterministic characterization of optical properties over a broad spectral range at the nanoscale. It allows ultrabroadband optical (0.5-3000 µm) nanoimaging, and nanospectroscopy with fine spatial (<10 nm), spectral (<1 cm −1 ), and temporal (<10 fs) resolution. The history of s-SNOM is briefly introduced and recent advances which broaden the horizons of this technique in novel material research are summarized. In particular, this includes the pioneering efforts to study the nanoscale electrodynamic properties of plasmonic metamaterials, strongly correlated quantum materials, and polaritonic systems at room or cryogenic temperatures. Technical details, theoretical modeling, and new experimental methods are also discussed extensively, aiming to identify clear technology trends and unsolved challenges in this exciting field of research. and Astronomy. His research interests cover nanoscale and ultrafast electromagnetic responses of strongly correlated electron materials, 2D materials, and metamaterials that span from the near-infrared to terahertz frequencies.tip-sample interactions. In s-SNOM, these difficulties result from at least three factors. First, the well-known antenna effect [48] causes light to be highly confined between the probe apex and the sample surface. The specific geometry of the tip shank plays a significant role in determining the intensity of the scattered signal. [49] Second, in addition to the local optical information, a strong but undesired background signal can be detected. This background signal can be mainly attributed to the light scattering from the tip shank, cantilever, and sample surface. Third, due to the broad momentum distribution of the localized radiation, in some cases, nominally "far-field trivial" Adv. Mater. 2019, 31, 1804774 Figure 1. Far-field (blue) and near-field (yellow) measurements, accessing the propagating field and the evanescent field, respectively.The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Section: Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern Scattering‐Type Scanning Near‐Field Optical Microscopy for Advanced Material Research

et al. 2019

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“…In this respect, the study of the second moment

M [j_{i}]

at arbitrary finite frequency indicated for instance the relevant impact of bound states on the particle transport. This result implies that the recent experimental progress in finite frequency quantum transport can provide a new valuable tool for bound state spectroscopy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Microscopic Features of Bosonic Quantum Transport and Entropy Production

2018

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The microscopic features of bosonic quantum transport in a nonequilibrium steady state, which breaks time reversal invariance spontaneously, are investigated. The analysis is based on the probability distributions, generated by the correlation functions of the particle current and the entropy production operator. The general approach is applied to an exactly solvable model with a point-like interaction driving the system away from equilibrium. The quantum fluctuations of the particle current and the entropy production are explicitly evaluated in the zero frequency limit. It is shown that all moments of the entropy production distribution are non-negative, which provides a microscopic version of the second law of thermodynamics. On this basis a concept of efficiency, taking into account all quantum fluctuations, is proposed and analyzed. The role of the quantum statistics in this context is also discussed.

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“…In the context of noise spectroscopy, it was indeed recently suggested that noise may be used to measure electronic temperatures 26,28 . Here, we follow the suggestion of Ref.…”

Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Connection between current-induced light emission and electronic shot noise was demonstrated experimentally 24 , and a theory of light emission from quantum noise was formulated 25 . Recently, shot noise was employed to image hot electron energy dissipation 26 , and extract information on the local electronic temperatures 27,28 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local-noise spectroscopy for nonequilibrium systems

2018

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We introduce the notion, and develop the theory of local-noise spectroscopy (LNS)-a tool to study the properties of systems far from equilibrium by means of flux density correlations. As a test bed, we apply it to biased molecular junctions. This tool naturally extends those based on local fluxes, while providing complementary information on the system. As examples of the rich phenomenology that one can study with this approach, we show that LNS can be used to yield information on microscopic properties of bias-induced light emission in junctions, provide local resolution of intrasystem interactions, and employed as a nano-thermometry tool. Although LNS may, at the moment, be difficult to realize experimentally, it can nonetheless be used as a powerful theoretical tool to infer a wide range of physical properties on a variety of systems of present interest.

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Imaging of nonlocal hot-electron energy dissipation via shot noise

Cited by 97 publications

References 53 publications

Modern Scattering‐Type Scanning Near‐Field Optical Microscopy for Advanced Material Research

Modern Scattering‐Type Scanning Near‐Field Optical Microscopy for Advanced Material Research

Microscopic Features of Bosonic Quantum Transport and Entropy Production

Local-noise spectroscopy for nonequilibrium systems

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