Ileal amino acid digestibilities in pigs of barley-based diets with inclusion of lucerne (Medicago sativa), white clover (Trifolium repens), red clover (Trifolium pratense) or perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne)

Abstract

Two experiments were performed with post-valve T-cannulated growing pigs, using five animals in each experiment in a change-over design to evaluate the effect of inclusion of four different dried forage meals on ileal crude protein (CP) and amino acid (AA) digestibilities. The control diets (C1 and C2) were barley-based and the experimental diets were formulated by replacing the barley with 100 or 200 g/kg of either lucerne (Medicago sativa) or white clover (Trifolium repens) meal in Expt 1 and red clover (Trifolium pratense) or perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) meal in Expt 2. A decrease (P < 0·05) in the apparent ileal digestibility of CP and most of the essential and nonessential AA was found with the inclusion of lucerne, white clover and perennial ryegrass meal in the barley-based diets. When red clover meal was included, only the apparent ileal digestibilities of CP, leucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine and glutamic acid were found to decrease (P < 0·05). The estimated apparent ileal digestibilities of most essential AA in the forage meals were lower than in the barley-based diets. The ileal flow of glucosamine and ornithine was found to increase (P < 0·05) with increasing proportion of fibre in the diet, suggesting an increase in endogenous N secretions and small-intestinal microbial activity. With the minor changes found for ileal essential AA digestibilities with forage meal inclusion in the diet the present data confirm the potential of forage meals as a source of protein in pig diets.

Ingestion of energy, protein and amino acids from pasture by grazing European wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) in a semi-extensive production system

“…L. perenne (perennial ryegrass) is a grass species that is considered to be of very high quality nutritionally, due to its levels of energy, sugar and protein in relation to other grass species (Edwards et al, 2007;Williams et al, 2007). The gross energy content of the L. perenne in the present study was similar to that described by Lindberg and Andersson (1998) and Reverter et al (1999) (these two studies from the literature appear to have used the same pasture), although the pasture in the present study had a greater crude protein content. The amino acid profile in the present study was similar to that reported for L. perenne by Reverter et al (1999), but the concentration of each amino acid was greater in the present study.…”

Non-starch polysaccharides and their role in fish nutrition – A review

“…In pigs, inclusion of pea fibre in a wheat diet tended to increase the output of mucins in the ileal digesta from 6.1 to 7.3 g per day for diets supplemented with 0 and 240 g of pea fibre per day, respectively (Lien, Sauer, & He, 2001). Similarly ileal glucosamine and galactosamine excretion increased continuously with fibre intake (Reverter, Lundh, & Lindberg, 1999). When wheat bran (150 g/kg diet dry matter) was added to a protein-free diet for pigs, the ileal output of galactosamine at the terminal ileum increased from 1.93 to 4.13 g per day (Fuller & Cadenhead, 1991).…”

Partial dehulling of barley effect the concentrations of both gross and ileal digestible amino acids in pigs

“…soy hulls (Dilger et al, 2004), hulls of faba beans (Jansman et al, 1995), alfalfa leaf meal (Reverter et al, 1999). Accordingly the ID of AA were improved due to dehulling e.g.…”