Identifying possible sister groups of Cryptocercidae+Isoptera: A combined molecular and morphological phylogeny of Dictyoptera

The complete mitogenome of the wood-feeding cockroachCryptocercus kyebangensis(Blattodea: Cryptocercidae) and phylogenetic relations among cockroach families

“…Thus, these results strongly support the paraphyly of Blattodea in relation to termites, as suggested in other studies (e.g. Lo et al 2000;Pellens et al 2007;Legendre et al 2008;Cameron et al 2012;Djernaes et al 2012Djernaes et al , 2015. The current phylogenetic tree supports the sister relation of Blattidae and Blattellidae, with the clade Cryptocercidae + Isoptera as a sister group.…”

“…In addition, recent phylogenetic studies involving various mitochondrial or/and nuclear molecular markers showed that Cryptocercus is a sister group of a primitive termite species, Mastotermes darwiniensis (Lo et al 2000;Legendre et al 2008;Cameron et al 2012;Djernaes et al 2012). Because of these behavioral characteristics and their close relation with termites, wood-eating cockroaches of Cryptocercus have often been used as model species to elucidate the early stages of social evolution in termites (Klass et al 2008;Djernaes et al 2015).…”

Fossil calibrations for the cockroach phylogeny (Insecta, Dictyoptera, Blattodea), comments on the use of wings for their identification, and a redescription of the oldest Bla

“…Molecular phylogenetic studies of cockroaches go back more than 20 years (Kambhampati et al, 1996), but molecular dating of cockroach phylogenies has only begun recently (Djernaes et al, 2015;Legendre et al, 2015;Che et al, 2017). One of the crucial points in divergence time estimation is choosing the correct fossils for age calibration, as these are highly influential on posterior age estimates (e.g., Inoue et al, 2010).…”

“…There have been three molecular phylogenies of Blattodea with fossil-calibrated divergence dates (Djernaes et al, 2015;Legendre et al, 2015;Che et al, 2017), not including those focusing on termites (e.g., Ware et al, 2010). Some studies with larger scope have dated nodes within Dictyoptera as well (Misof et al, 2014;Tong et al, 2015).…”

Taxonomic diversity of cockroach assemblages (Blattaria, Insecta) of the Aptian Crato Formation (Cretaceous, NE Brazil)

“…Cockroaches, mantises and termites represent the traditionally monophyletic Dictyoptera (Hennig 1981;Grimaldi & Engel 2005;Djernaes et al 2012Djernaes et al , 2015Bai et al 2016), originating in the Late Carboniferous (Zhang et al 2012) and being numerically abundant during the Palaeozoic (Schneider 1977;1978a, b;1980a, b: 19831984;Schneider & Werneburg 1993). In the Mesozoic, both termites (Isoptera) and mantises (Mantodea) evolved by the pattern (Mantodea + ("Blattaria"+ Isoptera)) (Grimaldi 2007) or independently originated from the cockroach family Liberiblattinidae (Vršanský 2002;Vršanský & Aristov 2014;Vršanský & Bechly 2015).…”