Identifikasi Bioaktif Golongan Flavonoid Tanaman Anting-Anting (Acalypha indica L.)

Abstract

<p><em>Abstrak </em><strong>– Indonesia merupakan negara dengan kekayaan alam yang melimpah. Namun, untuk jenis tumbuhan, baru sekitar 8% yang dimanfaatkan sebagai tanaman pangan, obat-obatan, sumber kayu, dan tanaman hias. Salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai tanaman obat adalah <em>Acalypha indica</em>. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak tanaman ini memiliki aktivitas antibakteri <em>Salmonella</em>. Namun profil senyawa metabolit apa saja yang terkandung masih belum banyak diteliti. Fraksinasi senyawa metabolit dilakukan dengan kromatografi kertas pada ekstrak etanol (akar, batang, dan daun) tanaman <em>Acalypha</em> menggunakan eluen BAW (Butanol: Asam asetat: Air = 4:1:5) dan asam asetat 15%. Jumlah, letak, warna, dan nilai Rf bercak kemudian digunakan sebagai pedoman identifikasi dan menduga golongan flavonoid. Spektrofotometri serapan panjang gelombang maksimum dilakukan sebagai konfirmasi dugaan golongan flavonoid. Ketiga organ utama tanaman anting-anting (akar, batang, dan daun) memiliki distribusi kandungan senyawa yang berbeda-beda namun dengan jenis yang hampir sama. Golongan flavonoid yang berhasil teridentifikasi dari ketiga organ antara lain isoflavon, flavon, flavonol, flavanon, dihidroksiflavonol, khalkon, dan antosianidin. </strong><strong>Organ daun memiliki keragaman kelas flavonoid lebih banyak dibanding akar dan batang. </strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><em>Abstract </em><strong>– Indonesia is </strong><strong>a </strong><strong>megabiodiversity country, but only about 8% of its plant diversity </strong><strong>ar</strong><strong>e utilized as food, medicine, timber, and ornamental plants. One plant species that potential to be used as a medicinal plant</strong><strong> </strong><strong>is</strong><strong><em> Acalypha</em></strong><strong><em> indica</em></strong><strong>. Previous research showed this plant extract</strong><strong> has some</strong><strong> antibacterial activit</strong><strong>ing</strong><strong> </strong><strong>against</strong><strong> <em>Salmonella</em></strong><strong>. However, </strong><strong>the </strong><strong>profil</strong><strong>e</strong><strong> of the metabolites contained</strong><strong> in the plant </strong><strong>is not</strong><strong> </strong><strong>studied yet</strong><strong>.</strong><strong> </strong><strong>Fractination of the metabolites</strong><strong> w</strong><strong>as</strong><strong> </strong><strong>done by</strong><strong> using paper chromatography in ethanol extract (roots, stems, and leaves) of <em>Acalypha</em> plants using BAW (butanol: acetic acid: water = 4:1:5) and 15% acetic acid eluent. Number, location, color, and Rf values of spot</strong><strong>s</strong><strong> were us</strong><strong>ed</strong><strong> for identification of flavonoids class. Maximum absorption wavelength performed using spectrophotometry assay</strong><strong> </strong><strong>to confirm the flavonoid class. The three major plant organs (roots, stems, and leaves) have different compounds distribution, but with almost same class. Class of flavonoids which were identified from the three organs are isoflavones, flavones, flavonols, flavanones, dihidroxyflavonols, chalcones, and anthocyanidins. Leaf has more diverse flavonoid class than roots and stems. </strong><strong></strong></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><strong><em>Keyword – </em></strong><em>Acalypha indica bioactive compound, chromatography, flavonoids.</em></p>

Microscopic Identification and Determination of Total Flavonoid Content of Moringa Leaves Extract and Ethyl Acetate Fraction (Moringa oleifera L.)

“…This research can be an informative basis that the flavonoid group in Moringa leaves plays a role in producing medicinal raw materials derived from natural ingredients with standardized levels of identity compounds. 7…”

“…6 Determination of levels and studies on the content profile of secondary metabolites of the flavonoid group can be used as the basis for determining the isolation of potential compounds as antidiabetic, antioxidant, antiaging or other compounds that can become active raw materials for drugs. 7 Based on previous research, Moringa leaves contain secondary metabolites including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins. 9 Flavonoids are one of the largest natural phenolic antioxidant compounds and are found in all plants, so it can be ascertained that there are flavonoids in these plants.…”

Comparison of Total Phenolic, Flavonois Content, and Antioxidant Activity Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk. Methanol Extract from Sleman and Bantul District

“…2-tailed) adalah 0,00 < 0,05 yang berarti ada perbedaan yang signifikan dari hasil kandungan flavonoid total ekstrak metanol buah nangka dari Kabupaten Bantul dan Sleman. Sampel Ekstrak Metanol Buah Nangka seperti flavonoid dapat diperoleh yaitu menggunakan sumber bahan dari glukosa hasil fotosintesis yang melalui jalur sikimat dengan prekursor fenilalanin (Pambudi et al, 2014;Hanin dan Pratiwi, 2017). Selain itu tingginya kandungan senyawa flavonoid dari sampel ekstrak di dataran rendah ini juga dikarenakan flavonoid yang termasuk ke dalam senyawa fenolik juga berperan sebagai fotoprotektif.…”

Morphological characteristics and flavonoid accumulation of Echinacea purpurea cultivated at various salinity

“…Flavonoids are secondary metabolites colored yellow from a group of phenolic compound. Flavonoids have three physiological functions for plants, including as color pigments (anthocyanins), protection to high UV radiation (flavonols and flavones), and acting as plant defense signals in stress conditions (isoflavones) (Pambudi et al 2014). Flavonoid pigments are also useful in humans as immunomodulators and antioxidants (Heldt and Piechulla 2011).…”