Identification of zoonotic Giardia genotypes in marsupials in Australia

Thompson, Jacqui; Yang, Rongchang; Power, Michelle; Hufschmid, Jasmin; Beveridge, Ian; Reid, Simon; Ng, Josephine; Armson, A.; Ryan, Una

doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2008.05.002

Cited by 37 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Exposure to humans and interactions atypical to those within the natural habitat of sea lions may increase the risk of Giardia transmission within captive environments (Beck et al., 2011). Captive mammals may be exposed to Giardia through human contact during hand feeding and touching by zoo visitors (Thompson et al., 2008). The captive facilities observed in this study have varying levels of visitor interaction programs with sea lions, some even include activities such as swimming with and touching the animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium occurrence in Australian sea lions (Neophoca cinerea) exposed to varied levels of human interaction

Delport

Asher

Beaumont

et al. 2014

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium occurrence in Australian sea lions (Neophoca cinerea) exposed to varied levels of human interaction

Delport

Asher

Beaumont

et al. 2014

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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“…Zoonotic transmission is possible; however, this is often unclear, because while G. duodenalis isolated from humans and animals are morphologically identical, the existence of seven major genotypic assemblages from A to G has been found (Thompson 2004). Moreover, new G. duodenalis genotypes are still being described (Lalle et al 2007; Thompson et al 2008b). Such genetic heterogeneity of Giardia complicates epidemiological investigations, the more so as genotypes belonging to assemblage A and B have a wide range of hosts, including humans and many animals (e.g., dogs, livestock, primates, cats, dogs, and wild animals), whereas C-G genotypes of Giardia appear to be host adapted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A survey of the prevalence and genotypes of Giardia duodenalis infecting household and sheltered dogs

Solarczyk

Majewska

2010

Parasitol Res

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Giardia duodenalis (syn. G. intestinalis, G. lamblia) is an intestinal protozoan parasite that infects humans and a wide range of mammals that includes dogs. Highly significant genetic heterogeneity has been found within this species, while only genotypes from assemblages A and B have zoonotic potential. Although Giardia infection in dogs has been reported worldwide, there is increasing molecular evidence that dogs may be infected with host-specific genotypes (C and D) as well as zoonotic ones (A and B). Therefore, dogs play a role as a potential source of Giardia infection impacting humans and other Canidae. Fecal samples from privately owned dogs and from dogs kept in two shelters in the west-central region of Poland were examined using a microscope and polymerase chain reaction. The total prevalence of Giardia in specimens was 1.9%. Deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted only from two out of the three Giardia-positive fecal samples. After amplification using the G7 and G759 beta-giardin primers, 753 bp amplicons were obtained, and both amplification products were sequenced. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses showed that both G. duodenalis isolates were dog-specific genotypes (C and D).

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“…Estimates of the prevalence of Giardia in Australian marsupials range from 1.3% to 13.8% [8, 13, 15, 16]. No significant differences in the prevalence of Giardia have been found between captive and wild marsupial populations studied to date [12, 13]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium and Giardia from the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii)

et al. 2017

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The Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) is a carnivorous marsupial found only in the wild in Tasmania, Australia. Tasmanian devils are classified as endangered and are currently threatened by devil facial tumour disease, a lethal transmissible cancer that has decimated the wild population in Tasmania. To prevent extinction of Tasmanian devils, conservation management was implemented in 2003 under the Save the Tasmanian Devil Program. This study aimed to assess if conservation management was altering the interactions between Tasmanian devils and their parasites. Molecular tools were used to investigate the prevalence and diversity of two protozoan parasites, Cryptosporidium and Giardia, in Tasmanian devils. A comparison of parasite prevalence between wild and captive Tasmanian devils showed that both Cryptosporidium and Giardia were significantly more prevalent in wild devils (p < 0.05); Cryptosporidium was identified in 37.9% of wild devils but only 10.7% of captive devils, while Giardia was identified in 24.1% of wild devils but only 0.82% of captive devils. Molecular analysis identified the presence of novel genotypes of both Cryptosporidium and Giardia. The novel Cryptosporidium genotype was 98.1% similar at the 18S rDNA to Cryptosporidium varanii (syn. C. saurophilum) with additional samples identified as C. fayeri, C. muris, and C. galli. Two novel Giardia genotypes, TD genotype 1 and TD genotype 2, were similar to G. duodenalis from dogs (94.4%) and a Giardia assemblage A isolate from humans (86.9%). Giardia duodenalis BIV, a zoonotic genotype of Giardia, was also identified in a single captive Tasmanian devil. These findings suggest that conservation management may be altering host-parasite interactions in the Tasmanian devil, and the presence of G. duodenalis BIV in a captive devil points to possible human-devil parasite transmission.

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Identification of zoonotic Giardia genotypes in marsupials in Australia

Cited by 37 publications

References 15 publications

Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium occurrence in Australian sea lions (Neophoca cinerea) exposed to varied levels of human interaction

Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium occurrence in Australian sea lions (Neophoca cinerea) exposed to varied levels of human interaction

A survey of the prevalence and genotypes of Giardia duodenalis infecting household and sheltered dogs

Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium and Giardia from the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii)

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