Identification of the chemical composition of six essential oils with mass spectroscopy and evaluation of their antibacterial and antioxidant potential

Abstract

This study determined the chemical composition of Cinnamomum verum J.Presl, Cistus ladaniferus L., Laurus nobilis L., Senecio anteuphorbuim, Boswellia serrata Roxb. ex Colebr. and Schinus molle L. essential oils (EOs) by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Moreover, the six EOs were screened in order to reveal their antibacterial and antioxidant activities. They were initially tested against six pathogenic bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA: methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus), Escherichia coli (ESBL: extended‐spectrum β‐lactamases), Enterococcus faecalis (VRE: vancomycin‐resistant enterococcus), Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRK: carbapenem‐resistant klebsiella), clinical isolate Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Then, the antioxidant effect was assessed by β‐carotene‐linoleic acid. Cinnamomum verum J.Presl, Cistus ladaniferus L. and Laurus nobilis L. exhibited the greatest antibacterial activity except Boswellia serrata Roxb. ex Colebr. oil. But this last one showed the highest antioxidant activity (85.75%) comparable to that of BHT (98.25%). The principal component analysis between the antibacterial activity and the twenty major components of six EOs revealed that α‐pinene, β‐pinene, 4‐carene, α‐phellandrene, 1,8‐cineole, linalool, 1,3,8‐p‐menthatriene, α‐terpineol, cinnamyl alcohol and cinnamaldehyde are responsible for their antibacterial activity against multi‐resistant strains. From this study, the results obtained show that the EOs may constitute an alternative to the emergence of multidrug‐resistant bacteria.

Alpha-Phellandrene and Alpha-Phellandrene-Rich Essential Oils: A Systematic Review of Biological Activities, Pharmaceutical and Food Applications

“…Further proof of the antimicrobial potential of this molecule was given by Dalli et al [ 82 ], testing Nigella sativa seed EO against different bacterial strains, and obtaining promising results against Acinetobacter baumannii . Irahal et al [ 41 ] tested the EO extracted from S. molle and it showed an MIC against Staphylococcus aureus of 0.25 mg/mL. Finally, Lisboa et al [ 83 ] found that the EO from Rosmarinus officinalis (alpha-phellandrene 11.1%) could be considered as a potential treatment against endometritis-causing microorganisms in mares.…”

Analysis of the chemical compositions of six essential oils and evaluation of their antioxidant and antibacterial activities against some drug-resistant bacteria in aquaculture

“…In our study, the EOs were effective on both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial pathogens, as shown clearly in the results of the microdilution assay. Eugenol, linalool, α-terpineol, thymol, 1,8-cineole, camphor, and carvacrol are among the bioactive components, which have prominent inhibitory effect against bacteria (26). This broad range of compounds in EOs make their antibacterial activity not reliant on one specific mode of action; they exhibit various mechanisms and can attack several targets in a cell to inactivate the bacterium (27).…”

Extraction, Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Phenolic Compounds from Moroccan Satureja nepeta L.

“…5 Different environmental and genetic factors, chemotypes, and the nutritional status of the plants can all contribute to the observed differences in the constituents of basil EO across countries. 36,37 Antioxidant activities of S.…”