Identification of four components from the female sex pheromone of the lima‐bean pod borer, Etiella zinckenella

Abstract

Four compounds, tetradecyl acetate, (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate, (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate and (Z)-ll-tetradecenyl acetate were identified from female sex pheromone extracts of Hungarian and Egyptian lima-bean pod borers (Etiella zinckenella Tr., Lepidoptera: Phycitidae) by gas chromatography with flame ionization (FID) and electroantennographic (EAD) detection. In EAG studies these monounsaturated acetates gave the best responses in a series of other tetradecenyl acetates and tetradecenols. The four component blend of the identified components in similar ratios as in the pheromone extract attracted significant numbers of male lima-bean pod borers in both Hungary and Egypt. In a preliminary subtraction test best capture was achieved by the ternary mixture of the monounsaturated acetates.

The Sex Pheromone of the Lima Bean Pod Borer Etiella zinckenella (Treitschke)

“…As described above, the binary blend of Z9-14:Ac and Z11-14:Ac attracted many males of E. zinckenella in Europe, North Africa, and India 24,25,26 . However, pheromone traps baited with mixtures of the four tetradecyl/tetradecenyl acetates captured no males in East Asia or Australia 25,26 , or in Japan 22 , suggesting possible geographic differences in the pheromonal communication system.…”

“…While holding this posture, the females expose the abdominal terminal segments, which contain pheromone glands 10 . Four compounds eliciting electroantennographic responses in males have been identified from the female pheromone-gland extracts of Hungarian and Egyptian populations of E. zinckenella: tetradecyl acetate (14:Ac), (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate (Z9-14:Ac), (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (Z11-14:Ac), and (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (E11-14:Ac) 24 . Synthetic mixtures of these components successfully attracted males in fields in both Hungary and Egypt 24 .…”

“…Four compounds eliciting electroantennographic responses in males have been identified from the female pheromone-gland extracts of Hungarian and Egyptian populations of E. zinckenella: tetradecyl acetate (14:Ac), (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate (Z9-14:Ac), (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (Z11-14:Ac), and (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (E11-14:Ac) 24 . Synthetic mixtures of these components successfully attracted males in fields in both Hungary and Egypt 24 . Subsequently, an optimal blend of a binary mixture of Z9-14:Ac and Z11-14:Ac in a 3:100 ratio was confirmed in Europe and North Africa 26 .…”

Sex attractant pheromone of the limabean pod borer, Etiella zinckenella (Treitschke) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), in Japan

“…The attractiveness of the synthetic mixture of these four components was demonstrated in both Hungary and Egypt (Tóth et al, 1989(Tóth et al, , 1996. Unfortunately, the mixture is much less attractive than virgin females in soybean fields in Japan (present study), and hence is not likely to be a promising monitoring tool.…”

“…cenyl acetate (E11-14:OAc), and (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (Z11-14:OAc) (Tóth et al, 1989). The attractiveness of the synthetic mixture of these four components was demonstrated in both Hungary and Egypt (Tóth et al, 1989(Tóth et al, , 1996.…”