Identification and structure elucidation of the components of commercial linear alkylbenzenes

Cavalli, L.; Landone, A.; Divo, C.; Gini, G.; Galli, Mario; Bareggi, E.

doi:10.1007/bf02586343

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In general, it represented a mixture of regioisomers (main isomer: phenyl ring at 5-position) with different chain lengths ranging from C 10 to C 13 and a maximum occurring at C 11 [42,43]. In addition, this product contained 14% sodium p-toluene sulfonate.…”

Section: Surfactantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partitioning and Localization of Fragrances in Surfactant Mixed Micelles

Fischer

Fieber

Navarro

et al. 2008

J Surfact & Detergents

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The localization and dynamics of fragrance compounds in surfactant micelles are studied systematically in dependence on the hydrophobicity and chemical structure of the molecules. A broad range of fragrance molecules varying in octanol/water partition coefficients P ow is employed as probe molecules in an aqueous micellar solution, containing anionic and nonionic surfactants. Diffusion coefficients of surfactants and fragrances obtained by Pulsed Field Gradient (PFG)-NMR yield the micelle/water distribution equilibrium. Three distinct regions along the log(P ow ) axis are identified: hydrophilic fragrances (log(P ow ) \ 2) distribute almost equally between micellar and aqueous phases whereas hydrophobic fragrances (log(P ow ) [ 3.5) are fully solubilized in the micelles. A steep increase of the incorporated fraction occurs in the intermediate log(P ow ) region. Here, distinct micelle swelling is found, while the incorporation of very hydrophobic fragrances does not lead to swelling. The chemical structure of the probe molecules, in addition to hydrophobicity, influences fragrance partitioning and micelle swelling. Structural criteria causing a decrease of the aggregate curvature (flattening) are identified. 2 H-NMR spin relaxation experiments of selectively deuterated fragrances are performed monitoring local mobility of fragrance and leading to conclusions about their incorporation into either micellar interface or micelle core. The tendencies of different fragrance molecules (i) to cause interfacial incorporation, (ii) to lead to a flattening of the micellar curvature and (iii) to incorporate into micelles are shown to be correlated.

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Section: Surfactantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partitioning and Localization of Fragrances in Surfactant Mixed Micelles

Fischer

Fieber

Navarro

et al. 2008

J Surfact & Detergents

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“…Minor products can also be formed along with LAS during the alkylation process. If a diolefin or dichloroparaffin is present, dialkyltetralins (DAT) [1,2] can be formed, which are sulfonated along with the LAB to form dialkyltetralin sulfonates (DATS). The concentration of DAT ranges from less than 1% to approximately 10%, depending on the manufacturing process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental monitoring for linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, dialkyltetralin sulfonates and their biodegradation intermediates

Trehy

Gledhill

Mieure

et al. 1996

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-Concentrations of linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS), dialkyltetralin sulfonates (DATS), and their biodegradation intermediates are reported for the influents and effluents of 10 U.S. domestic wastewater treatment plants as well as upstream and downstream river waters and sediments. Three types of treatment facilities in 10 U.S. states were sampled and analyzed. Removals were calculated based on initial concentrations of LAS and DATS. A derivatization electron capture/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method was employed. Its increased sensitivity and selectivity permitted the determination of environmental levels of LAS, DATS, and their biodegradation intermediates at low micrograms per liter (ppb) concentrations. The removal from four activated sludge and five trickling filter wastewater treatment facilities averaged 99.5% and 82.9% for LAS and 99.1% and 97.3% for LAS intermediates, respectively, for the activated sludge and trickling filter facilities. In the same plants, percent removals for DATS averaged 95% and 63.2% and DATS intermediates 59.1% and 58.7%, respectively. The removals obtained by a rotating biological contactor were similar to those observed in the activated sludge wastewater treatment facilities.

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“…The alkylation step produces a mixture of all the possible secondary phenylalkanes (26 isomers for C10-14 side chains) and minor amounts of various cyclic compounds (3)(4)(5). Sulfonation of the benzene ring is driven as near to completion as possible; nevertheless, some residual unsulfonated linear alkylbenzenes (LABs) persist and are carried with the sulfonated alkylbenzenes into detergents.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Of the numerous chemical species that are generally present in coal-derived products, the nitrogencontaining polycyclic aromatic compounds (N-PAC) have been found to be responsible for a large portion of the microbial mutagenicity of these material (1)(2)(3)(4). Specifically, convincing evidence is now available that specifies the amino polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (amino-PAH) as the principal microbial mutagens in coal liquids (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%