Identification and expression profiling of MSY genes of yak for bull fertility

Das, Partha Pratim; Krishnan, G.; Doley, Juwar; Biswas, Tapas; Paul, Vijay; Chakravarty, P.; Deb, S. M.; Das, Pranab Jyoti

doi:10.1007/s12041-019-1091-4

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…China has more than 16 million yaks [ 3 ], accounting for over 95 % of the global yak population [ 4 ]. Yaks are multipurpose, high-altitude bovid species [ 5 ], providing an essential source of economically valuable products, such as milk, meat, fur, and fuel, for local herders [ 6 ]. In addition, yaks provide locals with a means of transportation [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitogenomic diversity and phylogeny analysis of yak (Bos grunniens)

et al. 2021

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Background and aim Mitochondrial genome has aseries of characteristics such as simple structure, no recombination, maternalinheritance, stable structure, fast evolution rate, and high copy number. Moreover, it is easy to be sequenced,contains high-resolution phylogenetic information, and exists in a wide rangeof taxa. Therefore, it is widely used in the study of biological phylogeny. Atpresent, phylogenetic studies focus mainly on D-loop region, cytochrome b gene,and protein-coding sequence. Phylogenetic studies using the mitochondrialcomplete sequence are rarely reported in yak. Therefore, the present studyaimed to construct phylogenetic tree using yak mitochondrial complete sequenceand compare the subsequent results with previous findings obtained usingpartial sequences. Results Complete mitochondrial sequences of five yakpopulations from Qinghai and Xinjiang were obtained. The mitotype diversity ofthe five populations was Xueduo yak (0.992 ± 0.015), Pamir yak (0.990 ± 0.014),Yushu yak (0.963 ± 0.033), Qilian yak (0.948 ± 0.036), and Huanhu yak (0.905 ±0.048), which showed a higher mitotype diversity compared with other breeds fromthe previous reports, including Jiulong yak, Maiwa yak, Zhongdian yak, andTianzhu yak. A total of 78 mitotypes were obtained from 111 individuals. Amongthese, Yushu yak, Huanhu yak, Xueduo yak, and Qilian yak all shared mitotypes,but the Pamir yak did not share mitotypes with these four populations.Phylogenetic analysis showed that yak populations were separable into threedistinct branches. The analysis identified a new phylogenetic branch containingboth wild and domestic yaks. The 155 mitotypes found in 206 individuals weredivided into 3 haplogroups by mitotype clustering. Thehaplogroup was not associated with the geographical distribution of yaks. Theyaks in the same population or the same ecological environment were distributedin different haplogroups. Among the threehaplogroups, haplogroup A and haplogroup B showed a star-shaped distribution ofmitotypes. The central mitotypes were widely distributed and had a highfrequency. Conclusions Thegenetic diversity of yaks in Qinghai was high. Both domestic and wild yaks clusteredinto three branches.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitogenomic diversity and phylogeny analysis of yak (Bos grunniens)

et al. 2021

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“…With a yak population of over 16 million ( Wang et al, 2021 ), China houses more than 95% of all yaks in the world ( Zhao et al, 2019 ). Yaks are multi-purpose high-altitude bovids ( Das et al, 2019b ) that not only provide important products such as milk, meat, fur, and fuel but are also used as local modes of transport ( Wang et al, 2014 ; Das et al, 2019a ). Yaks, which the local herdsmen call “the boat of the plateau and an all-powerful domestic animal,” thus play important social and economic roles in the plateau area, while also maintaining the pasture ecosystem and agricultural biodiversity ( Wiener et al, 2003 ; Shah et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, yaks show later sexual maturity and lower fertilization rates than other cattle ( Das et al, 2019b ). This low reproductive efficiency ( Zhou et al, 2020 ), including delayed onset of puberty, seasonal reproduction, low conception rates, and long calving intervals, limits reproductive performance in yaks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of N6-Methyladenosine in Domesticated Yak Testes Before and After Sexual Maturity

Wang

Pei

Guo

et al. 2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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The potential regulatory role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prominent mRNA modification in eukaryotes, has recently been identified in mammals, plants, and yeast. However, whether and how m6A methylation is involved in sexual maturation in mammals remains largely unexplored. In this study, testicular tissue was obtained from yaks before and after sexual maturation, and m6A maps were generated via preliminary experiments and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing. Only spermatogonial cells and a few primary spermatocytes were observed in the testicular tissue of yaks before sexual maturation, while spermatogenic cells at different stages of maturity could observed after sexual maturation. Experiments examining the expression of methylation-related enzymes and overall methylation levels showed that the methylation levels in yak testes increased after sexual maturation. Overall, 1,438 methylation peaks were differentially expressed before and after sexual maturation; 1,226 showed significant up-regulation and 212 showed significant down-regulation after sexual maturation. Annotation analysis showed that the differential methylation peaks were most commonly concentrated in the exon region, followed by the 3′UTR and finally the 5′UTR region. KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated that homologous recombination, the Notch signaling pathway, growth hormone synthesis, and other signaling pathways may be involved in testicular development and maturation in yaks. Levels of most m6A modifications were positively correlated with mRNA abundance, suggesting that m6A plays a regulatory role in mammalian sexual maturation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an m6A transcriptional map of the yak testes, and our study lays the foundation for elucidating the function of m6A in the development of yak testes.

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“…On the other hand, to produce F2 and F3, we could use F1 or F2 female hybrid cattle–yak for backcrossing because they are fertile. The cause to provide the difference of the fertility between male and female on hybrids has been recently reported as the point of view related to Y chromosome (Das et al, ). The Leydig cell functional markers, AR and 3βHSD which we showed here were not located on the Y chromosome and not only expressed in male reproductive organs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal functions of Leydig cells in crossbred cattle–yak showing infertility

Sato

Kuriwaki

Hagino

et al. 2020

Reprod Domestic Animals

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In Mongolia, yak (Bos grunniens) are able to live in alpine areas and their products greatly influence the lives of the local people. Increased vigour in hybridized yak and cattle can offer benefits for livestock farmers. However, male hybrids show reproductive defects resulting from spermatogenesis arrest, affecting the conservation and maintenance of dominant traits in the next generation. The underlying mechanisms involved in hybrid cattle–yak infertility have recently been investigated; however, the genetic cause is still unclear. Androgens and androgen receptor (AR) signalling are required for spermatogenesis. We, therefore, evaluated the expression of AR, 3β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3βHSD) and 5α‐reductase 2 (SRD5A2) in Leydig cells to investigate their function in cattle–yak spermatogenesis. Testicular tissues from yaks (1–3 years old) and hybrids (F1–F3, 2 years old) were collected and subjected to immunohistochemistry and image analyses to investigate the expression of each parameter in the Leydig cells. After maturation at 2 years, the expression levels of AR increased and the levels of 3βHSD decreased, but the SRD5A2 levels remained constant in yak. However, the cattle–yak hybrid F2 showed immature testicular development and significantly different expression levels of AR and 3βHSD compared with mature yak. These results suggest that the decreased expression of AR and increased expression of 3βHSD in the Leydig cells of cattle–yak hybrid testes may represent one of the causes of infertility. Our study might help in solving the problem of infertility in crossbreeding.

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Identification and expression profiling of MSY genes of yak for bull fertility

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Mitogenomic diversity and phylogeny analysis of yak (Bos grunniens)

Mitogenomic diversity and phylogeny analysis of yak (Bos grunniens)

Characterization of N6-Methyladenosine in Domesticated Yak Testes Before and After Sexual Maturity

Abnormal functions of Leydig cells in crossbred cattle–yak showing infertility

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