Yucca schidigeraextract mediated the growth performance, hepato‐renal function, antioxidative status and histopathological alterations in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to hypoxia stress

Abstract

The present study investigated influence of Yucca schidigera extract (Ys E) on the growth performance, hepato‐renal function, antioxidative status and histopathological alterations in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to hypoxia stress. 120 Nile tilapia fish (42.39 ± 1.25 g) were distributed into four equal groups, where group (a) kept as a control group, group (b) supplied with YsE (8 mg/L water every 2 days), group (c) exposed to hypoxia after 2 weeks from the start of the experiment and group (d) provided with YsE for 2 weeks and then exposed to hypoxia. The treatments were conducted for 30 days. The results showed that the level of DO was significantly decreased (2.2 ± 0.61) in groups of fish exposed to hypoxia when compared to other groups (p < 0.05). Notably, the pre‐supplementation with YsE to hypoxic stressed fish positively affected the WG, SGR, FCR and PER, relieved stress picture of leukogram, reduced the elevated hepatic marker enzymes: ALT, AST and LDH. Furthermore, hypoxic fish pre‐treated with YsE succeeded to decline the increased urea, glucose levels and the elevated serum amlyase and lipase enzyme activities. In addition to improving total proteins, albumin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL‐C and HDL‐C declined levels compared to hypoxic fish. Meanwhile hypoxia‐stressed fish exhibited significantly enhanced hepatic GPX, SOD and GSH and inhibited hepatic MDA content compared to fish supplied with YsE then exposed to hypoxia. Fish group pre‐supplemented with YsE then exposed to hypoxic stress condition was protected against the pathological changes of the liver, spleen, brain and gills tissues induced by hypoxic stress condition. These results suggest that YsE could exert a beneficial effect against hypoxia‐induced oxidative stress.

Quillaja saponaria and/or Yucca schidigera ameliorate water quality, growth performance, blood health, intestine and gills histomorphology of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

“…Thus, this can decrease the toxic action of UIA on the gills and maintain gills' function and health. Interestingly, these results coincide with our findings of antioxidant activity of the mixture of QS/ YS and, hence, this protects gills' tissues from the inflammatory and degenerative influences of free radicals (Dawood et al, 2021;Elbialy et al, 2020;Elkaradawy et al, 2021). lymphocytes production improved the lysozyme activity, which modulated fish's immune status (Choi et al, 2013;Ruchin, 2020).…”

“…It has been reported that dietary QS extract can enhance the growth of common carp (Francis et al, 2002;Serrano, 2013;Serrano et al, 2000) and Nile tilapia (Elkaradawy et al, 2021;Francis et al, 2001). On the other hand, previous studies have demonstrated that YS can enhance the growth of catfish (Amoah et al, 2017;Güroy et al, 2014;Kelly & Kohler, 2003), carp (Dawood et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2020), Atlantic salmon (Gu et al, 2015), European seabass (Elkhayat et al, 2019), Pacific white shrimp (Yang et al, 2015) and Nile tilapia (Elbialy et al, 2020;Gaber, 2006;Njagi et al, 2017). In contrast, YS's dietary supplementation did not improve the FCR or growth of channel catfish (Tidwell et al, 1992).…”

“…Besides, it is composed of steroidal saponins, polysaccharides and polyphenols, thus, the previous studies showed that it could improve the growth performance, feed utilization, body composition and the water quality of the common carp (Adineh et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2020) and Nile tilapia (Abdel-Tawwab et al, 2021;Elbialy et al, 2020). In addition, the application of YS enhanced the immune response of carp (Dawood et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2020), seabass (Fayed et al, 2019) and shrimp (Yang et al, 2015) as well as the intestinal antioxidant status (Wang et al, 2020).…”

Corn Husk Phenolics Modulate Hepatic Antioxidant Response in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Exposed to Hypoxia

“…Peng et al [28] reported that the dietary inclusion of condensed tannins (400 mg/kg) increased the hepatic CAT activity in Nile tilapia exposed to 10 h of hypoxia (1 mg/L dissolved oxygen). The dietary inclusion of Yucca schidigera extract as a source of PCs increased SOD and GPx activities in liver Nile tilapia exposed to hypoxia (2.2-2.6 mg/L dissolved oxygen) [2]. In the present study, the CAT activity was reduced by 44% in tilapia fed the control diet and exposed to hypoxia, while the CAT activity was reduced by 16% in tilapias exposed to hypoxia and fed CHM supplemented diet (Figure 1a); this possibly indicates that PCs from CHM promote cell homeostasis by increasing CAT activity via Nrf2 activation.…”

“…The high demand for fish and fishery products for human consumption worldwide has forced the aquaculture industry to develop modern aquaculture practices that are dependent on intensive farming systems [1]. This might cause temporary unstable conditions, such as changes in temperature, salinity, pH, ammonia nitrogen, and dissolved oxygen concentrations, which generates a stressful physiological environment for organisms (oxidative stress) [2]. In particular, the dissolved oxygen concentration is an important water quality criterion in intensive systems.…”