1986
DOI: 10.1111/1540-5885.340307
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Winning at New Products, by R. G. Cooper1

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Cited by 137 publications
(267 citation statements)
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“…Frozen specifications help companies by providing stability, creating sharp product definitions, avoiding scope creep, and reducing the need for midstream corrections. Staged processes perform especially well when product cycles have stable product definitions, have high quality standards, and use well-understood technologies, as is often the case for product updates (Cooper 2001 Stages are generally separate and sequential, except for the detailed design stage, which includes several internal iterations before the prototyping can begin. The staged process is called the 'waterfall' process by some practitioners (Erdogmus and Williams 2003) because of its oneway nature.…”
Section: Process Options and Differencesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Frozen specifications help companies by providing stability, creating sharp product definitions, avoiding scope creep, and reducing the need for midstream corrections. Staged processes perform especially well when product cycles have stable product definitions, have high quality standards, and use well-understood technologies, as is often the case for product updates (Cooper 2001 Stages are generally separate and sequential, except for the detailed design stage, which includes several internal iterations before the prototyping can begin. The staged process is called the 'waterfall' process by some practitioners (Erdogmus and Williams 2003) because of its oneway nature.…”
Section: Process Options and Differencesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…1980년대 Humphrey는 품질경영 대가인 Crosby의 품질성숙도 모형을 이용하여 소프 트웨어 개발 조직의 프로세스를 관리할 수 있는 SW-CMM (software capability maturity model) 기본 개념을 제시하였으며, 그 효용성이 입증되면서 국방관련 소프트웨어 개발업체뿐만 아니라 민간 기업들도 SW-CMM 모형을 널리 활용하게 되었 다 (Paulk, 1994). 20세기 후반 품질경영 방법론이 모든 산업의 다양한 부문에서 효용성을 인정받자 관리가 힘들고 점차 중요 성이 증대되는 연구개발 부문에 활용하기 위한 다양한 시도가 이루어 졌다 (Endres, 1997;Johnson, 2006 (customer participation), 동시성(simultaneity), 소멸성(perishability), 비분리성(inseparability), 무형성(intangibility), 이질성(heterogeneity) 등으로 정의하고 (Fitzsimmons, 2011), 이러한 특성을 설명할 수 있는 서비스품질 정의와 서비스품질 측정도구인 SERVQUAL을 개발하여 서비스품질 발전에 큰 공헌을 할 수 있었다 (Parasuraman, 1985(Parasuraman, , 1988 (Cooper, 2011). 하 지만 확실성(Clarity)과 기회(Opportunity)는 서로 상반된 관계 를 가지므로, 유능한 경영자는 모든 요인들이 명확해지기를 기다리기 보다는 불확실성에서 발생하는 위험을 연구개발 초기 단계에서 현명하게 줄일 수 있는 방법을 찾는다 (Miller, 1999 …”
Section: 서 론unclassified
“…It provides a practical and proven fourstep process for start-ups to search for products or services for customers. The approach mainly criticizes the traditional product development model -like the stage-gate process [13,31,32,42]. Predetermined by the waterfall methodology, there is a lack of meaningful sales, marketing and business development milestones during the development phase of a product.…”
Section: Entrepreneurial Approachesmentioning
confidence: 99%