he genera Trimmatothele Zahlbr. and Trimmatothelopsis Zschacke have always been amongst the most poorly known genera of lichens. Trimmatothele was described for a species of pyrenolichens similar to Verrucaria, but with multispored asci, and Trimmatothelopsis was said to differ by the presence of interascal filaments. A total of six species were described or combined in the two genera. The main problem with these species has always been their rarity, the extremely small number of available herbarium specimens, and the missing types. No accurate description was available for the type species of Trimmatothele, and thus some specimens were only tentatively attributed to this species, awaiting the rediscovery of the type specimen.Over ten years ago, P. Diederich received an unidentified Antarctic specimen from A. Aptroot for determination that proved to belong to Trimmatothelopsis antarctica. As a great surprise, the living state of the recently collected specimen allowed us to ascertain that the asci are not multispored, as previously considered, but polyconidial, with 8 balls of ascoconidia in each ascus. Six years later, Dag Olav Øvstedal contacted P. Diederich, as he had observed ascoconidial balls in another specimen of the same species. Following that unexpected discovery, we decided to revise both genera Trimmatothele and Trimmatothelopsis. It took us another five years to locate the type of Trimmatothele perquisita through the courtesy of Dag Olav Øvstedal, and only at that moment a revision became possible. In the mean time, NAVARRO-ROSINÉS, ROUX & BELLEMÈRE (1999) and ROUX & NAVARRO-ROSINÉS (2002) were able to examine the type of Trimmatothelopsis versipellis and to conclude that that species belongs to Acarospora and that Trimmatothelopsis is therefore a younger synonym of Acarospora.In this paper we will revise the type of Trimmatothele and show that it is a multispored species of Verrucaria, and we will demonstrate that Trimmatothelopsis antarctica is not related to Verrucaria and needs the description of a new genus. For two species, no material is available, and it is impossible to take any decision until new collections are made. Finally, two species are excluded, as they belong to Acarospora.
Material and methodsWe studied specimens from AAS, BG, C, E, FH, GZU, O and UPS, and from the private collections of A. Aptroot and P. Diederich. Hand-made sections were examined in water, 5 % KOH (K), lactophenol with cotton blue, or Lugol's reagent withoutThe type species of Trimmatothele is shown to differ from Verrucaria only by the multispored asci. Trimmatothele is consequently regarded as a younger synonym of Verrucaria, and the new combination Verrucaria perquisita proposed. The species is just known from Europe, where it is very rare on calcareous rocks and has a boreo-alpine distribution. Trimmatothelopsis antarctica is a very distinct lichen, not related with Verrucaria, and the new genus Oevstedalia is described to accommodate it. Oevstedalia is characterized by relatively pale perithecia with a hy...