<i>Salmonella enteritidis</i>
            Epidemic

Ward, L. R.; Threlfall, John; Smith, H. R.; O’Brien, Sarah J.

doi:10.1126/science.287.5459.1753c

Cited by 56 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In England and Wales, there were 200 reported human cases in 1966, which rose to 10 000 in 1981, and peaked at 33 000 in 1997 (more than 70% of human cases of salmonellosis) [33,149]. Despite a subsequent decline in its incidence, S. Enteritidis continues to be the most frequently isolated Salmonella serotype in the United Kingdom with 16 465 cases in 2001 [33].…”

Section: The S Enteritidis Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epidemiological investigations in The Netherlands indicated that laying flocks become infected mainly directly from the farm environment and the contribution from the vertical infection route (from infected breeding flocks to progeny) is small [144]. In contrast, Ward et al have suggested that the spread of the S. Enteritidis epidemic in the United Kingdom was related to the introduction of poultry breeding lines infected with phage type 4 in the UK in the early 1980s [150].…”

Section: Farm Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In England and Wales, the rate of S. Enteritidis infection fell by over 50% between 1997 and 2000 which corresponded to the period of introduction of new live vaccines which were easier to administer to hens in contrast to the initial vaccines based on formalin-killed bacteria [150]. However, vaccination cannot be the sole cause of this decline, because S. Enteritidis infections decreased in several countries that do not vaccinate hens.…”

Section: Fluctuation or Fall Of The S Enteritidis Pandemic?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergence of Salmonella epidemics: The problems related to Salmonella enterica serotyp Enteritidis and multiple antibiotic resistance in other major serotypes

Cloeckaert²,

2005

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-Two major changes in the epidemiology of salmonellosis occurred in the second half of the 20th century: the emergence of food-borne human infections caused by S. Enteritidis and by multiple-antibiotic resistant strains of Salmonella. This review updates information on the S. Enteritidis pandemic and focuses on the emergence of Salmonella, carrying the SGI1 antibiotic resistance gene cluster, resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins, or resistant to fluoroquinolones. The factors responsible for the emergence of these Salmonella strains could be either of human origin or related to bacterial genome evolution. However, our increasing understanding of the molecular fluidity of the genome shows that any attempt to counteract bacteria results in further bacterial evolution or adaptation of other bacteria to take place in the new free ecological niche. In these conditions, we can ask who is faster: humans who want to eliminate bacterial pathogens or bacteria that continuously evolve to gain new niches.

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Section: The S Enteritidis Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Farm Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fluctuation or Fall Of The S Enteritidis Pandemic?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergence of Salmonella epidemics: The problems related to Salmonella enterica serotyp Enteritidis and multiple antibiotic resistance in other major serotypes

Cloeckaert²,

2005

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“…Until the 1980s, S. enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) was the serovar most commonly isolated from humans worldwide, but by the late 1980s, S. enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) emerged as the most common cause of salmonellosis in Europe, and during the 1990s, it became the most prevalent serovar in many countries worldwide (9,22,33,40,43). The reasons for this worldwide serovar shift are still not understood, and several hypotheses have been proposed, including the existence of a rodent reservoir for S. Enteritidis or the epidemiological change induced by vaccination of poultry against the closely related bacterium S. Gallinarum (47).…”

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Salmonella enterica in Poultry and Eggs in Uruguay during an Epidemic Due to Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis

et al. 2010

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Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) is frequently associated with food-borne disease worldwide. Poultry-derived products are a major source. An epidemic of human infection with S. Enteritidis occurred in Uruguay, and to evaluate the extent of poultry contamination, we conducted a nationwide survey over 2 years that included the analysis of sera from 5,751 birds and 12,400 eggs. Serological evidence of infection with Salmonella group O:9 was found in 24.4% of the birds. All positive sera were retested with a gm flagellum-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and based on these results, the national prevalence of S. Enteritidis infection was estimated to be 6.3%. Salmonellae were recovered from 58 of 620 pools made up of 20 eggs each, demonstrating a prevalence of at least 1 in every 214 eggs. Surprisingly, the majority of the isolates were not S. Enteritidis. Thirty-nine isolates were typed as S. Derby, 9 as S. Gallinarum, 8 as S. Enteritidis, and 2 as S. Panama. Despite the highest prevalence in eggs, S. Derby was not isolated from humans in the period of analysis, suggesting a low capacity to infect humans. Microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization analysis of S. Derby and S. Enteritidis revealed more than 350 genetic differences. S. Derby lacked pathogenicity islands 13 and 14, the fimbrial lpf operon, and other regions encoding metabolic functions. Several of these regions are present not only in serovar Enteritidis but also in all sequenced strains of S. Typhimurium, suggesting that these regions might be related to the capacity of Salmonella to cause food-borne disease.

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“…A epidemia de Salmonella Enteriditis no reino Unido, causada predominantemente pelo PT4, está vinculada a ovos e não à carne de aves. O ovo contaminado pode ser consumido sem cozimento, o que dificilmente acontece com carne de aves [32].…”

Section: -Discussãounclassified

Discriminação de sorovares de Salmonella spp. isolados de carcaças de frango por REP e ERIC-PCR e fagotipagem do sorovar Enteriditis

Alcocer¹,

Oliveira²,

Vidotto³

et al. 2006

Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.

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RESUMOSalmonelose é a infecção bacteriana de origem alimentar mais freqüente no Paraná, Brasil, e os surtos estão associados, principalmente, ao consumo de ovos, carne de aves e derivados. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram identificar os sorovares de Salmonella isolados de carcaças de frango e caracterizá-los molecularmente por rEP e ErIc-Pcr, assim como identificar os fagotipos de Salmonella Enteriditis. Dos 25 isolados de Salmonella spp. analisados, 18 foram identificados como Enteriditis, 4 como Braenderup, 2 como Worthington e 1 como infantis. Dos 18 isolados de Enteriditis, 14 foram PT4, 2 PT4a, 1 PT7 e 1 rDNc, por se tratar de colônia rugosa. rEP-Pcr forneceu padrão eletroforético distinto de 10 a 13 bandas distribuídas entre 120 e 2072 pb para cada sorovar diferente testado. A ErIc-Pcr mostrou um padrão de 4 a 5 bandas entre 180 e 1000 pb e foi menos discriminativa quando comparada à rEP-Pcr. Os resultados encontrados confirmaram que a fagotipagem é uma ferramenta útil e discriminativa para o sorovar Enteriditis. Apesar do pequeno número de sorovares testados, os resultados sugerem que a rEP-Pcr parece ser um método atrativo a ser utilizado no futuro para a discriminação preliminar de sorovares de Salmonella. Palavras-chaves: Salmonella Enteriditis, fagotipos, sorovar, rEP-Pcr, ErIc-Pcr. SUMMARYDIScrIMINATION OF Salmonella SErOVArS ISOlATED FrOM cHIcKEN MEAT BY rEP AND ErIc-Pcr AND PHAGOTYPING OF Enteriditis SOrOVAr. Salmonellosis is the most prevalent bacterial food-borne disease in the State of Paraná, Brazil, and the outbreaks are often associated with consumption of poultry products. The aim of this study was to serotype Salmonella strains isolated from chicken carcasses and characterize them molecularly using rEP and ErIc-Pcr. The phage types of Salmonella Enteriditis were also identified. Of the 25 Salmonella strains analysed, 18 were identified as Enteriditis, 4 as Braenderup, 2 as Worthington and 1 as infantis. Of the 18 Enteriditis isolates, 14 were PT4, 2 PT4a, 1 PT7 and 1 "reacted, but did not conform" -rDNc. Distinct rEP-Pcr profiles with 10 to 13 fragments distributed between 120 and 2072 pb were easily obtained for each serovar tested. ErIc-Pcr showed patterns of 4 to 5 fragments between 180 and 1000 pb and less discriminatory power than rEPPcr. The results confirmed that phage typing is a useful tool to differentiate into sorovar Enteriditis. Although it is recognized that only a limited number of strains was tested in this study, the results suggest that rEP-Pcr could be an attractive choice to be used in the future as a preliminary method of Salmonella sorovar discrimination.

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Salmonella enteritidis Epidemic

Cited by 56 publications

References 12 publications

Emergence of Salmonella epidemics: The problems related to Salmonella enterica serotyp Enteritidis and multiple antibiotic resistance in other major serotypes

Emergence of Salmonella epidemics: The problems related to Salmonella enterica serotyp Enteritidis and multiple antibiotic resistance in other major serotypes

Prevalence of Salmonella enterica in Poultry and Eggs in Uruguay during an Epidemic Due to Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis

Discriminação de sorovares de Salmonella spp. isolados de carcaças de frango por REP e ERIC-PCR e fagotipagem do sorovar Enteriditis

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