<i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i> Pneumonia and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Coinfection in a Patient With Newly Diagnosed HIV-1 Infection

Mang, Sebastian; Kaddu‐Mulindwa, Dominic; Metz, Carlos; Becker, André; Seiler, Frederik; Smola, Sigrun; Maßmann, Alexander; Becker, Sören L.; Papan, Cihan; Bals, Robert; Lepper, Philipp M.; Danziger, Guy

doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa906

Cited by 44 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…As important findings on this report, the patient presented reticular changes on the chest radiology with alteration of lactate dehydrogenase, a biomarker usually altered with PjP. These findings added the clinical suspicion of PjP and addressing additional laboratory testing for the confirmation of this coinfection [36]. But, it is also important to mention that similar situations have been reported in persons who are not living with HIV [35,37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a Patient with Disseminated Histoplasmosis and HIV—A Case Report from Argentina and Literature Review

Messina

Marín

Cáceres

et al. 2020

JoF

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The disease caused by the new SARS-CoV-2, known as Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was first identified in China in December 2019 and rapidly spread around the world. Coinfections with fungal pathogens in patients with COVID-19 add challenges to patient care. We conducted a literature review on fungal coinfections in patients with COVID-19. We describe a report of a patient with disseminated histoplasmosis who was likely infected with SARS-CoV-2 and experienced COVID-19 during hospital care in Buenos Aires, Argentina. This patient presented with advanced HIV disease, a well-known factor for disseminated histoplasmosis; on the other hand, we suspected that COVID-19 was acquired during hospitalization but there is not enough evidence to support this hypothesis. Clinical correlation and the use of specific Histoplasma and COVID-19 rapid diagnostics assays were key to the timely diagnosis of both infections, permitting appropriate treatment and patient care.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a Patient with Disseminated Histoplasmosis and HIV—A Case Report from Argentina and Literature Review

Messina

Marín

Cáceres

et al. 2020

JoF

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“…Furthermore, no reports of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) among PLWH with COVID-19 have been published, so ART initiation should not be delayed in individuals with COVID-19 who are newly diagnosed with HIV-1. In this era of heightened COVID vigilance, we would like to underscore the importance of thoroughly evaluating respiratory complaints among PLWH, so that OIs (e.g., Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia [PJP], atypical tuberculosis [TB]) that resemble COVID-19 both clinically and radiographically are not missed [ 25 , 26 ]. Conversely, it is important that atypical clinical presentations of HIV-1 remain on the differential diagnosis and the individuals are offered HIV-1 testing when appropriate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID-19 on people living with HIV: A review

Prabhu

Poongulali

Kumarasamy

2020

Journal of Virus Eradication

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There is great concern about the impact of COVID-19 among the nearly 40 million people living with HIV (PLWH) worldwide. In this review, we surveyed current literature and found no evidence of higher prevalence of COVID-19 among PLWH but equivocal data on increased mortality and worse clinical outcomes. Having HIV does not confer protection against severe manifestations of COVID-19. Several studies looking at antiretroviral drugs against HIV to treat SARS-CoV-2 have shown no mortality benefit. Thus, there is no indication to change ART regimens among virologically suppressed PLWH to prevent COVID-19. HIV care delivery has been adversely impacted in several countries during this pandemic but has created an opportunity for accelerating effective strategies like multi-month ART. Decentralizing HIV care in low-resource settings and incorporating telemedicine in high-resource settings will be critical in mitigating shocks to healthcare systems in the future.

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“…Reports of missed or delayed treatment for conditions that imitate COVID-19 such as pneumonia caused by the fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii are emerging. 1,2 There is a risk that, without a high index of suspicion, alternative aetiologies may be overlooked while pursuing a diagnosis of COVID-19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Perhaps more concerning, given recent case reports of co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Pneumocystis jirovecii, is that the rate was only 22% (15/69) in severe cases of PCR-confirmed COVID-19 requiring high-flow oxygen, non-invasive or invasive ventilation between 01 March 2020 and 18 May 2020. 1,2…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumocystis pneumonia, a COVID-19 mimic, reminds us of the importance of HIV testing in COVID-19

et al. 2020

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Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Coinfection in a Patient With Newly Diagnosed HIV-1 Infection

Cited by 44 publications

References 3 publications

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a Patient with Disseminated Histoplasmosis and HIV—A Case Report from Argentina and Literature Review

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a Patient with Disseminated Histoplasmosis and HIV—A Case Report from Argentina and Literature Review

Impact of COVID-19 on people living with HIV: A review

Pneumocystis pneumonia, a COVID-19 mimic, reminds us of the importance of HIV testing in COVID-19

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