<i>Phytophthora infestans</i>'s 10‐year truce with Holland: a long‐term analysis of potato late‐blight epidemics in the Netherlands

Zwankhuizen, M.J.; Zadoks, J.C.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3059.2002.00738.x

Cited by 39 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The heavy weatherdependence of the disease cycle also required that environmentpathogen interactions were included in the model. In order to maintain transparency of model results, a highly idealized set of environmentpathogen relations were developed using the experimental results of Zwankhuizen and Zadoks [25] were conducive for potato blight disease. In this study, higher level of disease severity was recorded at low temperature and high rainfall ranges, explaining that, rainfall by keeping temperature low, favours disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Potato Late Blight Disease Based upon Environmental Factors in Faisalabad, Pakistan

Ahmed¹

2015

J Plant Pathol Microbiol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Potato Late Blight Disease Based upon Environmental Factors in Faisalabad, Pakistan

Ahmed¹

2015

J Plant Pathol Microbiol

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“…In The Netherlands, a change in weather variables at the transition from 1979 to 1980, when there was a resurgence of severe late blight epidemics after a '10-year truce ' (1969-1978), was one possible factor (along with the occurrence of phenylamide resistance and the introduction of the new population), which Zwankhuizen and Zadoks (2002) suggested might have contributed to increased disease in the period [1979][1980][1981][1982][1983][1984][1985][1986]. How such changes may have affected late blight in the UK (and elsewhere in Europe) is unclear.…”

Section: Ukmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Integrated Control of Potato Late Blight in Europe

et al. 2011

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Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of late blight, is a major threat to potato production in northwestern Europe. Before 1980, the worldwide population of P. infestans outside Mexico appeared to be asexual and to consist of a single clonal lineage of A1 mating type characterized by a single genotype. It is widely believed that new strains migrated into Europe in 1976 and that this led to subsequent population changes including the introduction of the A2 mating type. The population characteristics of recently collected isolates in NW Europe show a diverse population including both mating types, sexual reproduction and oospores, although differences are observed between regions. Although it is difficult to find direct evidence that new strains are more aggressive, there are several indications from experiments and field epidemics that the aggressiveness of P. infestans has increased in the past 20 years. The relative importance of the different primary inoculum sources and specific measures for reducing their role, such as covering dumps with plastic and preventing seed tubers from becoming infected, is described for the different regions. In NW Europe, varieties with greater resistance tend not to be grown on a large scale. From the grower's perspective, the savings in fungicide input that can be achieved with these varieties are not compensated by the higher (perceived) risk of blight. Fungicides play a crucial role in the integrated control of late blight. The spray strategies in NW Europe and a table of the specific attributes of the most important fungicides in Europe are presented. The development and use of decision support systems (DSSs) in NW Europe are described. In The Netherlands, it is estimated that almost 40% of potato growers use recommendations based on commercially available DSS. In the Nordic countries, a new DSS concept with a fixed 7-day spray interval and a variable dose rate is being tested. In the UK, commercially available DSSs are used for c. 8% of the area. The validity of Smith Periods for the new population of P. infestans in the UK is currently being evaluated.

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“…An unprotected potato crop can be completely destroyed before tuber formation, resulting in total crop loss. Yearly variations in yield losses can be huge and highly dependent on meteorological factors influencing both incidence and severity of leaf and tuber blight (Crosier, 1934; Hirst & Steadman, 1960a; Croxall & Smith, 1976; Zwankhuizen & Zadoks, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late‐blight epidemics on potato in Finland, 1933–2002; increased and earlier occurrence of epidemics associated with climate change and lack of rotation

et al. 2006

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Changes in the incidence and onset of potato late‐blight epidemics in Finland were investigated and compared with possible changes in climate, presence of soil‐borne inoculum, and aggressiveness of Phytophthora infestans populations. Datasets were constructed from leaf blight assessments in cultivar trials or fungicide tests carried out at eight experimental sites during the periods 1933–1962 and 1983–2002. Additional data were obtained from late‐blight monitoring projects carried out from 1991 to 2002. From 1998 to 2002, the risk of blight outbreak was 17‐fold higher compared with the periods 1933–62 and 1983–1997. Simultaneously, the outbreaks of the epidemics began 2–4 weeks earlier. The changes observed were associated with a climate more conducive to blight in the late 1990s. Lack of rotation also advanced blight epidemics by an average of 9 days in 1998–2002, but it did not have this effect in 1992–1997, suggesting that soil borne inoculum may not have been a significant threat to potato until the late 1990s. The aggressiveness of the P. infestans isolates seemed to have only minor effect on the onset of the epidemics after 1991, as the apparent infection rate remained unchanged despite weather conditions more favourable to late blight in the late 1990s. As a consequence of the more frequent and earlier epidemics, the sales of fungicides used against late blight in Finland increased 4‐fold from the 1980s to 2002.

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Phytophthora infestans's 10‐year truce with Holland: a long‐term analysis of potato late‐blight epidemics in the Netherlands

Cited by 39 publications

References 26 publications

Prediction of Potato Late Blight Disease Based upon Environmental Factors in Faisalabad, Pakistan

Prediction of Potato Late Blight Disease Based upon Environmental Factors in Faisalabad, Pakistan

Epidemiology and Integrated Control of Potato Late Blight in Europe

Late‐blight epidemics on potato in Finland, 1933–2002; increased and earlier occurrence of epidemics associated with climate change and lack of rotation

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