<i>Mycobacterium avium</i>subsp.<i>hominissuis</i>Infection in Horses

Zakhashvili, Khatuna; Tsertsvadze, Nikoloz; Chikviladze, Tamar; Jghenti, Ekaterine; Bekaia, Marekhi; Kuchuloria, Tinatin; Hepburn, Matthew J.; Imnadze, Paata; Nanuashvili, Alexander

doi:10.3201/eid1608.100097

Cited by 46 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Recently, M. a. hominissuis infection in this two sibling Fjord horses was described in the Czech Republic (Kriz et al, 2010a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As reviewed by Pavlik et al (2004), after the successful control of bovine tuberculosis in cattle and other animal species in Central European countries, Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) members have been the most commonly found causal agents of mycobacterial infection in horses. As it stands, mycobacterial infections caused by MAC are occasionally diagnosed in horses in Europe (Aupperle et al, 2008;Pavlik et al, 2008;Ryhner et al, 2009;Kriz et al, 2010a). However, infections of horses caused by M. bovis are still reported from countries in which bovine tuberculosis in cattle has not yet been eradicated (Keck et al, 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have recently described M. a. hominissuis infection in two sibling Fjord horses (Kriz et al, 2010a). The first aim of this study was to check new methods for intravital diagnostics of M. a. hominissuis using qPCR in bioptic material and faecal samples from these two sibling Fjord horses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis infection in two sibling Fjord horses diagnosed using quantitative real time PCR: a case report

Blahutkova¹,

Fictum²,

Škorič³

et al. 2011

Vet. Med. - Czech

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This report describes new possibilities for intravital and post mortem diagnosis of avian mycobacteriosis in horses using the quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) method. Using this method, Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis was diagnosed in two sibling Fjord horses. In the first horse, M. a. hominissuis was detected by qPCR in numbers of 2.89 × 10 5 and 1.47 × 10 4 cells per 1 g of intestinal content and mesenteric lymph nodes, respectively; in the second horse, faeces and mesenteric lymph node samples showed numbers of 6.31 × 10 5 and 3.36 × 10 6 cells per 1 g of tissue, respectively. Another aim of this study was to comprehensively describe clinical and pathological findings in both animals.

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“…Recently, M. a. hominissuis infection in this two sibling Fjord horses was described in the Czech Republic (Kriz et al, 2010a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis infection in two sibling Fjord horses diagnosed using quantitative real time PCR: a case report

Blahutkova¹,

Fictum²,

Škorič³

et al. 2011

Vet. Med. - Czech

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“…The species like M. africanum, M. bovis, M. tuberculosis M. canettii and M. kansasii, causing human tuberculosis [37][38][39][40][41] were grouped in sub cluster A1. Likewise M. intracellulare causing pulmonary tuberculosis in humans [42], M. avium causing tuberculosis in poultry and captive birds [43] and also in immune compromise patients/HIV patients [44], M. avium paratuberculosis causing tuberculosis in cattle [45], and M. avium hominissuis causing pulmonary tuberculosis in pigs, humans and horses [46,47] were placed in sub-cluster A3. Although the species in sub-cluster A3 were caused human pulmonary disease, the prevalence of these opportunistic infections was very low and also these infections are from animal sources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization of Mycobacterial Ribonucleotide Reductase (RNR) and its Implication as a Novel Drug Target

Mohanty¹,

Naaz²

2015

Bioenergetics

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The genus Mycobacterium consists of both pathogenic and non-pathogenic species. The emergence of MDR and XDR tuberculosis and opportunistic infections by non tuberculous mycobacterium in immunosuppressive persons are major concern now a days. The aim of the study was to characterize ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) of Mycobacterium species to produce information about the evolution of the gene which could further be used in targeting RNR as a novel drug target. Here we were analyzed RNR of 23 mycobacterial species. The sequence length of RNR region is about 975 bp. Out of 975 characters 625 (64.10%) are conserved sites (monomorphic) and 350 (35.89%) are variable sites (polymorphic). The total nucleotide diversity (π) is=0.120114 (12.011%). The RNR phylogeny approach in Mycobacterium species provides evidence of several evolutionary lineages evolving from the ancestral polymorphism and fixed in the descendant population. Species of mycobacteria causing tuberculosis or respiratory infection in humans have specific patterns of allele distribution in different motifs, which differentiate them from other opportunistic mycobacterial species. Molecular analysis and structural motif analysis of RNR suggests the occurrence of host-mediated genetic differentiation in mycobacterial species, which requires further wet lab investigations.

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“…The organism is also occasionally isolated from other animals, such as cattle, dogs, birds, deer, horses and wild animals [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Soil and water are considered to be the natural reservoirs of the organism [20].…”

Section: Avium Subsp Hominissuis (Mah)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacteriosis in Pigs – An Underrated Threat

Polaček

Aleksić-Kovačević

2016

Acta Veterinaria

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Although Mycobacterium avium subspecies are generally not considered food pathogens, the infections caused by these particular nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) can represent a serious threat to immunocompromised population. Additionally, infections with a member of Mycobacterium Avium Compex (MAC) can affect the effi ciency of BCG vaccines used for the humans. In infected animals, M. avium may be present in different tissues without apparent clinical symptoms and macroscopic lesions. Veterinary meat inspection would then fail to recognize infected animals and such meat and meat products thereof could enter the human diet. The aim of this paper is also to analyze the current control policy in Europe according to infections of pigs with the members of MAC, and point out the risks for public health. By analyzing a large number of meat samples and other dietary nutrients, different groups of authors have provided evidence to support the hypothesis that M. avium is present in the everyday environment. Therefore, food as a source of infection with mycobacteria should not be ignored. The control of mycobacteria requires a better diagnostic approach, having in mind recent positive cases of M. avium subspecies hominissuis (MAH) in an increasing number of exported pigs from EU countries to Serbia. The introduction of reliable diagnostic methods for MAH could result in decreasing the occurrence of infection in pigs, as well as in humans, having in mind that WHO reported 10 million new cases of tuberculosis-mycobacteriosis in the human population in 2015 with 21% of these cases occurring in immunocompromised individuals and children.

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Mycobacterium aviumsubsp.hominissuisInfection in Horses

Cited by 46 publications

References 11 publications

Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis infection in two sibling Fjord horses diagnosed using quantitative real time PCR: a case report

Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis infection in two sibling Fjord horses diagnosed using quantitative real time PCR: a case report

Molecular Characterization of Mycobacterial Ribonucleotide Reductase (RNR) and its Implication as a Novel Drug Target

Mycobacteriosis in Pigs – An Underrated Threat

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