In vivo protection of the marjoram (Origanum majorana Linn.) essential oil in the cutaneous sporotrichosis by Sporothrix brasiliensis

Abstract

Thirty Wistar rats subcutaneously infected by an itraconazole-resistant Sporothrix brasiliensis received the oral daily treatment (n=10, each) of control (CTL, saline solution), itraconazole (ITZ, 10 mg/kg) and marjoram essential oil (MRJ, 80 mg/kg) for 30 days. Weekly, the clinical evaluation and euthanasia for histopathology and fungal burden were performed. Only animals from MRJ evolved to the remission of the cutaneous lesion with a mild to absent presence of yeasts in footpad, besides decreased the fungal burden in the systemic organs compared to CTL and ITZ (p<0.05), preventing the fungal spread, mainly in the liver and spleen. The antifungal activity may have been attributed to the majority composition of terpinen-4-ol (34.09%), γterpinene (14.28%) and α-terpinene (9.6%), which the mode of action was at the level of ergosterol complexation. These findings highlighted the antifungal and the systemic protective effects of MRJ, supporting the promising use in the treatment of cutaneous sporotrichosis.

CATastrophe: Response to the challenges of zoonotic sporotrichosis in southern Brazil

“…Furthermore, the most commonly used drugs are not infrequently noted to result in therapeutic failures in cases resulting from the present epidemic 20 . Recognising the need for improvement in treatments available, we have been stimulated to explore, in the laboratory, new drugs, in vitro and in animal (murine) models, that might be able to contribute to better therapies in future 21–25 . Such treatments might first be explored in feline populations.…”

Use of Essential Oils in Veterinary Medicine to Combat Bacterial and Fungal Infections

“…In particular, terpinen 4 ol and farnesol have shown MICs ranging from 87.9 to 1.5 μg/mL and from 0.003 to 0.2 μg/mL, respectively [ 161 ]. Terpinen-4-oil interferes with the fungal ergosterol [ 162 , 163 ] and has a synergistic action with conventional antifungal drugs [ 163 ], whilst c-terpinene hampers fungal growth, disrupting the structure of hyphae and reducing the number of conidia [ 164 ]. A recent in vivo study reports the successful administration of O. majorana (80 mg/kg for 8 days) to Wistar rats affected by experimental cutaneous sporothricosis by S. brasiliensis .…”

“…A recent in vivo study reports the successful administration of O. majorana (80 mg/kg for 8 days) to Wistar rats affected by experimental cutaneous sporothricosis by S. brasiliensis . The authors observed a prevention of fungal spread to internal organs and a decrease of fungal burden [ 162 ].…”

Potencial antiproliferativo do óleo essencial de Origanum majorana Linn. em células de melanoma e seus efeitos intracelulares em células neoplásicas e não-neoplásicas

“…Os efeitos intracelulares foram avaliados em linhagens celulares de rim bovino (Madin Darby Bovine Kidney -MDBK) e de melanoma murino (linhagem B16F10) crescidas em meio essencial mínimo de Eagle (E-MEM, Sigma-Aldrich®), conforme metodologia prévia (Waller et al, 2019). O meio E-MEM foi suplementado com soro fetal bovino a 10% (SFB), penicilina (Sigma-Aldrich®), estreptomicina (Vetec®), enrofloxacina (Bayer®) e anfotericina B (Cristália®), com pH 7,2 e mantido em estufa com atmosfera úmida com CO2 a 5%, a 37°C de temperatura.…”

“…O efeito citoprotetor de MARJ foi demonstrado em rins afetados por danos tóxicos de cisplatina (Soliman et al, 2016) e na pele, fígado e baço de ratos experimentalmente infectados com patógeno fúngico (Waller et al, 2019), sem causar prejuízo na terapia principal. Esses resultados estão de acordo com o presente estudo e mostram a possibilidade do uso de MARJ na proteção de diferentes tecidos orgânicos, de forma adjuvante ao tratamento convencional, visando reduzir os efeitos adversos.…”