<i>In situ</i>
 Polarized Neutron Reflectometry: Epitaxial Thin-Film Growth of Fe on Cu(001) by dc Magnetron Sputtering

Kreuzpaintner, Wolfgang; Wiedemann, Birgit; Stahn, Jochen; Moulin, Jean‐François; Mayr, Sina; Mairoser, T.; Schmehl, A.; Herrnberger, Alexander; Korelis, Panagiotis; Haese, Martin; Ye, Jingfan; Pomm, Matthias; Böni, P.; Mannhart, J.

doi:10.1103/physrevapplied.7.054004

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Originally designed for the REFSANS experiment at the MLZ in Garching, the compact and flexible design allows the use of the system in virtually any beamline with suitable geometry. Originally commissioned, tested and optimized at REFSANS, the first published experimental data using the deposition system was in fact obtained at the AMOR beamline at Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland [12]. 45 Figure 15: Photograph of the complete deposition system with all auxiliary components.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and realization of a sputter deposition system for the in situ- and in operando-use in polarized neutron reflectometry experiments

Schmehl

Mairoser

Herrnberger

et al. 2018

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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We report on the realization of a sputter deposition system for the in situ-and in operando-use in polarized neutron reflectometry experiments. Starting with the scientific requirements, which define the general design considerations, the external limitations and boundaries imposed by the available space at a neutron beamline and by the neutron and vacuum compatibility of the used materials, are assessed. The relevant aspects are then accounted for in the realization of our highly mobile deposition system, which was designed with a focus on a quick and simple installation and removability at the beamline. Apart from the general design, the in-vacuum components, the auxiliary equipment and the remote control via a computer, as well as relevant safety aspects are presented in detail.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and realization of a sputter deposition system for the in situ- and in operando-use in polarized neutron reflectometry experiments

Schmehl

Mairoser

Herrnberger

et al. 2018

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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“…ex situ), and thus emergent behavior during thin-film growth could not be investigated by this technique. Facilitated by recent developments [34,35], PNR can now also be applied as an in situ technique (iPNR). By growing samples at the neutron beamline, iPNR allows the evolution of the structural and magnetic properties of the entire film to be captured as a function of the layer thicknesses, one deposition step after the other.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indications for Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction at the Pd/Fe interface studied by in situ polarized neutron reflectometry

Mayr

Stahn

et al. 2020

Phys. Rev. B

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Using in situ polarized neutron reflectometry, the depth resolved evolution of the magnetism and structure in a Pd/Fe/Pd trilayer thin-film is measured during growth. The initial film structure of Pd/Fe shows a small proximity induced magnetism in the underlayer and a magnetization in the Fe layer of ≈ 1.6 µB per Fe atom, less than the expected bulk value of 2.2 µB. Deposition of the Pd capping layer initially follows an island-like growth mode with subsequent coalescence. With increasing Pd deposition the Fe moment and the proximity-induced magnetism in the Pd capping layer decrease. After final deposition of the Pd capping layer, the magnetic profile is structurally and magnetically symmetric across the Fe layer, with magnetism induced in Pd up to 0.92 nm from the interface. Throughout the Pd deposition the Pd/Fe/Pd trilayer structure is becoming increasingly symmetric, a fact which points to a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction as a likely cause of the observed magnetic behavior.

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“…Since the 1980s an important technique to characterize such samples came into play: polarized neutron reflectometry (PNR). It was recently used to study the growth of Fe on Cu(001)/Si(001) (Figure c) from the sub‐ML regime where island growth dominates below 4 MLs (Figure 4d), and layer‐by‐layer growth occurs for subsequent layers up until the total thickness is approximately 30 MLs …”

Section: The First Atomically Thin Magnets In Elemental Co Fe and Nimentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐Dimensional Magnets: Forgotten History and Recent Progress towards Spintronic Applications

Cortie

Causer

Rule

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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173

121

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The recent discovery of 2D magnetic order in van der Waals materials has stimulated a renaissance in the field of atomically thin magnets. This has led to promising demonstrations of spintronic functionality such as tunneling magnetoresistance. The frantic pace of this emerging research, however, has also led to some confusion surrounding the underlying phenomena of phase transitions in 2D magnets. In fact, there is a rich history of experimental precedents beginning in the 1960s with quasi-2D bulk magnets and progressing to the 1980s using atomically thin sheets of elemental metals. This review provides a holistic discussion of the current state of knowledge on the three distinct families of low-dimensional magnets: quasi-2D, ultrathin films, and van der Waals crystals. It highlights the unique opportunities presented by the latest implementation in van der Waals materials. By revisiting the fundamental insights from the field of low-dimensional magnetism, this review highlights factors that can be used to enhance material performance. For example, the limits imposed on the critical temperature by the Mermin-Wagner theorem can be escaped in three separate ways: magnetocrystalline anisotropy, long-range interactions, and shape anisotropy. Several recent experimental reports of atomically thin magnets with Curie temperatures above room temperature are highlighted.

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In situ Polarized Neutron Reflectometry: Epitaxial Thin-Film Growth of Fe on Cu(001) by dc Magnetron Sputtering

Cited by 14 publications

References 59 publications

Design and realization of a sputter deposition system for the in situ- and in operando-use in polarized neutron reflectometry experiments

Design and realization of a sputter deposition system for the in situ- and in operando-use in polarized neutron reflectometry experiments

Indications for Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction at the Pd/Fe interface studied by in situ polarized neutron reflectometry

Two‐Dimensional Magnets: Forgotten History and Recent Progress towards Spintronic Applications

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