In situ infrared measurements on TiO₂ flames: Gas and particle concentrations

Abstract

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was performed on premixed flames of tita-howe®er, were remo®ed using either calculated spectra or by experimentally generating a reference flame using an acetone ᎐ methane flame.

Preparation of nano-gypsum from anhydrite nanoparticles: Strongly increased Vickers hardness and formation of calcium sulfate nano-needles

“…In order to better illustrate the thermodynamics during anhydrite nanoparticle formation in the flame, a simple thermodynamic calculation has been included ( Figure 8). The model uses typical temperature profiles in such flame sprays (Arabi-Katbi et al, 2002;Madler et al, 2002a) and the second Ulrich approximation (Sandler, 1999) for the calculation of free energy values. It plots the residence time of the particles in the flame vs. the Gibbs free energy (Figure 5, TG pattern).…”

First-Principles Thermochemistry for the Thermal Decomposition of Titanium Tetraisopropoxide

“…Similar results were reported by Ma and Yang. 31 Arabi-Katbi et al 32,33 used in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy to analyze the particle processes in a premixed CH 4 /O 2 /N 2 /Ar flame using TTIP as the precursor. They observed an increase in particle size up to the end of the flame but limited particle aggregation due to the high temperature.…”

Synthesis of tailored WO3 and WO (2.9 <x< 3) nanoparticles by adjusting the combustion conditions in a H2/O2/Ar premixed flame reactor

“…As the concentration of WF 6 in our experiments is much below 1800 ppm, we only expect a marginal influence of the precursor on the flame temperature. Due to lack of detailed kinetics data and reaction mechanisms available in the literature for WF 6 precursor decomposition and subsequent WO x particle formation, we propose a mechanism of formation of tungsten oxide based on gross processes.…”

“…Different type of metal, metal oxides, and mixed oxides particles have been synthesized in flames [5][6][7][8][9]. Nanomaterials show different behavior from bulk material with the same chemical composition due to higher atom concentration on the surface, arising from increased surfacearea-to-volume ratios.…”