HLA-C Alleles and Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in Brazilian Patients with AIDS

Abstract

Purpose Since cytomegalovirus retinitis (CR) is an important cause of visual impairment among AIDS patients and HLA-C alleles have been associated with AIDS disease outcome, we typed HLA-C locus in patients with AIDS exhibiting or not CR. Methods Three groups of individuals were studied: (i) 49 patients with AIDS and CR (Group I), (ii) 161 patients with AIDS without CR (Group II), and (iii) 202 healthy HIV-negative individuals (Group III). HLA-C typing was performed using commercial kits. Results The HLA-C∗07 allele group was underrepresented in AIDS patients with CR (P=0.005) when compared to controls or when compared to AIDS patients without CR (P=0.006). The HLA-C∗05 allele group was overrepresented in Group II in comparison to Group III (P=0.017). The frequency of the HLA-C∗16 allele group was increased in Group III in comparison to Group II (P=0.004). Conclusion The HLA-C∗07 allele group conferred protection against the development of CR in Brazilian AIDS patients, whereas the HLA-C∗05 and HLA-C∗16 allele groups were associated with AIDS susceptibility or protection, respectively.

Clinical and genetic markers associated with tuberculosis, HIV-1 infection, and TB/HIV-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome outcomes

“…In the context of TB, a higher prevalence of KIR2DL3 among TB patients has been observed in several studies [15,18,90,91]. Biberg-Salum et al [92] showed that HLA-C * 07 allele conferred protection against the development of cytomegalovirus retinitis in Brazilian AIDS patients.…”

Variability at the 3′ untranslated region of the HLA-G gene: a study on patients with AIDS and cytomegalovirus retinochoroiditis

“…Besides HLA-G , other genes of the Major Histocompatibility Complex have been previously associated with CMV-R, including: (1) the overrepresentation of TNF microsatellites ( TNFc2 alleles, as well as the 4-1-G-2-2-1 haplotype, which contains the TNFc2 allele) in patients with AIDS, inducing a rapid progression of the disease as well as the development of accelerated CMV-R 27 , (2) the HLA-A31 antigen was associated with the development of AIDS, irrespective of the presence or not of CMV-R 17 , (3) the HLA-C*07 allele group was assoaciated with protection against the development of CMV-R when compared to patients with AIDS without CMV-R. In addition, the HLA-C *05 allele group was associated with susceptibility to and the HLA-C*16 allele group with protection against AIDS development, irrespective of the presence or not of CMV-R 19 , and (4) the HLA-B35 antigen was associated with the rapid progression of AIDS and development of retinochoroidites induced by Toxoplasma gondii 18 .…”

“…Although studies regarding the classical HLA class I and class II profiles of patients with AIDS exhibiting ocular manifestations have been reported so far 17 – 19 , there is no information regarding the study of the non-classical HLA-G gene in patients exhibiting both AIDS and CMV-R. The present study was undertaken based on the hypothesis that variation sites at the HLA-G 3′UTR in patients with AIDS exhibiting or not CMV-R may discriminate variation sites associated with the regulation of the immune checkpoint gene.…”

Ophthalmic manifestations of cytomegalovirus infection in HIV (literature review)

“…Возможно, широкое применение высокоактивной антиретровирусной терапии (ВААРТ), которая существенно улучшает прогноз пациентов с ВИЧ, оказало влияние на частоту глазных проявлений инфекции. Кроме того, скорость прогрессирования основного заболевания связана с некоторыми аллелями комплекса гистосовместимости (в частности, аллель HLA-C*07 защищает от развития цитомегаловирусного ретинита (ЦМВ-ретинита) при ВИЧ-инфекции) [8].…”

“…Ретинит, вызванный вирусом цитомегалии, является наиболее частой причиной снижения зрения при ВИЧ и при отсутствии лечения может приводить к слепоте [1-3, 8, 10-12]. Внедрение ВААРТ в клиническую практику привело к значительно-му снижению частоты выявления этой патологии и уменьшению числа тяжёлых и запущенных случаев [1,8,10]. Согласно некоторым данным частота ретинитов снизилась на 75 % [1,10].…”