<i>Fusarium avenaceum</i>: A Toxigenic Pathogen Causing Ear Rot on Maize in Yunnan Province, China

Ma, Ning; Haseeb, Hafiz Abdul; Xing, Fei; Su, Zehua; Shan, Liuying; Guo, Wanshou

doi:10.1094/pdis-11-18-2034-pdn

Cited by 5 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Fusarium sanyaense is closely related to F. lumajangense , F. mangiferae and F. proliferatum , but differed by 18 bp from F. mangiferae in the 5-locus ( CaM-rpb1-rpb2-tef1-tub2 ) dataset, 13 bp from F. lumajangense in the 3-locus ( rpb2-tef1-tub2 ) dataset ( CaM and rpb1 sequences are not available for F. lumajangense ) and 10 bp from F. proliferatum in the 4-locus ( CaM-rpb2-tef1-tub2 ) dataset ( rpb1 sequence is not available for F. proliferatum ). Morphologically, they could be distinguished based on the size of sporodochial conidia (25.3–67.2 × 2.7–4.5 μm in F. sanyaense vs 30.0–56.0 × 3.0–4.5 μm in F. lumajangense , 43.1–61.4 × 1.9–3.4 μm in F. mangiferae , and 16.5–60.5 × 1.5–4 μm in F. proliferatum ), and the number of septa in sporodochial conidia (3–5-septate in F. sanyaense , F. lumajangense and F. madaense vs 1–4-septate in F. proliferatum ) ( Britz et al 2002 , Maryani et al 2019b , Yilmaz et al 2021 ). Pathogenicity tests fulfilling the Koch’s postulates confirmed its ability to cause maize stalk rot (Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phylogenetically, F. fecundum is closely related to the species within the previous FCAMSC ( F. kotabaruense , F. camptoceras and F. neosemitectum ), but differs by 83 bp, 84 bp and 84 bp in the combined dataset, respectively. Morphologically, this species is distinguishable from closely related species based on its conidial size (13–40.1 × 3.5–6.8 μm in F. fecundum vs 21–45 ×5–7.5 μm in F. kotabaruense , 15–51 × 4–7 μm in F. camptoceras , 17–41 × 3–6 μm in F. neosemitectum ) and the number of conidial septa (1–6-septate in F. fecundum vs 2–7-septate in F. kotabaruense , 0–7-septate in F. camptoceras , 1–5-septate in F. neosemitectum ) ( Marasas et al 1998 , Maryani et al 2019b , Xia et al 2019 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phylogenetic analyses of different Fusarium species complexes were performed using different multi-locus datasets in accordance with previous studies ( Sarver et al 2011 , O’Donnell et al 2013 , Gräfenhan et al 2016 , Laurence et al 2016 , Sandoval-Denis et al 2018b , Torbati et al 2018 , Lombard et al 2019c , Maryani et al 2019b , Wang et al 2019a , Xia et al 2019 , Yilmaz et al 2021 ). The composition of the multi-locus datasets, outgroup taxa, number of characters and the best models are listed in Supplementary Table S2 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fusarium diversity associated with diseased cereals in China, with an updated phylogenomic assessment of the genus

Han

Wang

et al. 2023

Studies in Mycology

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Fusarium species are important cereal pathogens that cause severe production losses to major cereal crops such as maize, rice, and wheat. However, the causal agents of Fusarium diseases on cereals have not been well documented because of the difficulty in species identification and the debates surrounding generic and species concepts. In this study, we used a citizen science initiative to investigate diseased cereal crops (maize, rice, wheat) from 250 locations, covering the major cereal-growing regions in China. A total of 2 020 Fusarium strains were isolated from 315 diseased samples. Employing multi-locus phylogeny and morphological features, the above strains were identified to 43 species, including eight novel species that are described in this paper. A world checklist of cereal-associated Fusarium species is provided, with 39 and 52 new records updated for the world and China, respectively. Notably, 56 % of samples collected in this study were observed to have co-infections of more than one Fusarium species, and the detailed associations are discussed. Following Koch’s postulates, 18 species were first confirmed as pathogens of maize stalk rot in this study. Furthermore, a high-confidence species tree was constructed in this study based on 1 001 homologous loci of 228 assembled genomes (40 genomes were sequenced and provided in this study), which supported the “narrow” generic concept of Fusarium (= Gibberella). This study represents one of the most comprehensive surveys of cereal Fusarium diseases to date. It significantly improves our understanding of the global diversity and distribution of cereal-associated Fusarium species, as well as largely clarifies the phylogenetic relationships within the genus.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fusarium diversity associated with diseased cereals in China, with an updated phylogenomic assessment of the genus

Han

Wang

et al. 2023

Studies in Mycology

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“…About 38 pests and diseases were recently reported to cause 19–41% grain losses in maize on the global scale ( Savary et al., 2019 ). Among these, Fusarium and Gibberella ear rots represent major yield- and quality-impacting maize diseases which occur across regions and countries ( Eckard et al., 2011 ; Beukes et al., 2018 ; Ma et al., 2019 ; Perincherry et al., 2019 ; Machado et al., 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis and co-expression analysis revealed stable QTL and candidate genes conferring resistances to Fusarium and Gibberella ear rots while reducing mycotoxin contamination in maize

Akohoue

Miedaner

2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Fusarium (FER) and Gibberella ear rots (GER) are the two most devastating diseases of maize (Zea mays L.) which reduce yield and affect grain quality worldwide, especially by contamination with mycotoxins. Genetic improvement of host resistance to effectively tackle FER and GER diseases requires the identification of stable quantitative trait loci (QTL) to facilitate the application of genomics-assisted breeding for improving selection efficiency in breeding programs. We applied improved meta-analysis algorithms to re-analyze 224 QTL identified in 15 studies based on dense genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in order to identify meta-QTL (MQTL) and colocalized genomic loci for fumonisin (FUM) and deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation, silk (SR) and kernel (KR) resistances of both FER and GER, kernel dry-down rate (KDD) and husk coverage (HC). A high-resolution genetic consensus map with 36,243 loci was constructed and enabled the projection of 164 of the 224 collected QTL. Candidate genes (CG) mining was performed within the most refined MQTL, and identified CG were cross-validated using publicly available transcriptomic data of maize under Fusarium graminearum infection. The meta-analysis revealed 40 MQTL, of which 29 were associated each with 2-5 FER- and/or GER-related traits. Twenty-eight of the 40 MQTL were common to both FER and GER resistances and 19 MQTL were common to silk and kernel resistances. Fourteen most refined MQTL on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 9 harbored a total of 2,272 CG. Cross-validation identified 59 of these CG as responsive to FER and/or GER diseases. MQTL ZmMQTL2.2, ZmMQTL9.2 and ZmMQTL9.4 harbored promising resistance genes, of which GRMZM2G011151 and GRMZM2G093092 were specific to the resistant line for both diseases and encoded “terpene synthase21 (tps21)” and “flavonoid O-methyltransferase2 (fomt2)”, respectively. Our findings revealed stable refined MQTL harboring promising candidate genes for use in breeding programs for improving FER and GER resistances with reduced mycotoxin accumulation. These candidate genes can be transferred into elite cultivars by integrating refined MQTL into genomics-assisted backcross breeding strategies.

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“…F. proliferatum , which is also an FB producer, and F. subglutinans, are the main producers in temperate growing areas of this emerging mycotoxin [ 6 , 11 ]. Furthermore, MON could also be produced by many species of the F. tricinctum species complex, including F. avenaceum also in maize [ 12 ]. Still no regulatory limits have been established for MON, in spite of the fact that this compound has shown a high acute toxicity in rats [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Foliar Fungicide and Insecticide Application on the Contamination of Fumonisins, Moniliformin and Deoxynivalenol in Maize Used for Food Purposes

Blandino

Scarpino

Testa

et al. 2022

Toxins

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The fungal ear rot of maize cultivated in temperate areas is mainly due to the Fusarium species. The use of insecticides against European Corn Borer (ECB) reduces the severity of fungal ear rot as well as the fumonisin (FB) and moniliformin (MON) levels in maize kernels at harvest, which in turn results in a lowering of their effect on deoxynivalenol (DON) control. However, the direct fungicidal control of ear rot has rarely been implemented for maize, and the first studies reported conflicting results on the reduction of mycotoxins. In the present experiment, field trials were carried out in North Italy over three growing seasons to study the effect of fungicide application timings on maize to control mycotoxins, considering the interaction of the application with the insecticide treatment, according to a full factorial split plot design. The mycotoxin content was determined through LC−MS/MS analysis. The field trials showed a significant reduction in ECB severity (75%), fungal ear rot severity (68%), Fusarium Liseola section infection (46%), FBs (75%) and MON (79%) as a result of the insecticide application for all the years, while the DON content increased by 60%. On the other hand, a fungicide application alone or applied in plots protected by an insecticide was never effective for the fungal symptoms, infection or mycotoxin content. The results confirm that a correct insecticide application to control ECB damage is the most effective agrochemical solution for the control of fungal ear rot, FBs and MON.

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Fusarium avenaceum: A Toxigenic Pathogen Causing Ear Rot on Maize in Yunnan Province, China

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Fusarium diversity associated with diseased cereals in China, with an updated phylogenomic assessment of the genus

Fusarium diversity associated with diseased cereals in China, with an updated phylogenomic assessment of the genus

Meta-analysis and co-expression analysis revealed stable QTL and candidate genes conferring resistances to Fusarium and Gibberella ear rots while reducing mycotoxin contamination in maize

The Effect of Foliar Fungicide and Insecticide Application on the Contamination of Fumonisins, Moniliformin and Deoxynivalenol in Maize Used for Food Purposes

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