<i>Effects of Cervical Vagotomy on Pulmonary Ventilation and Mechanics</i>

Lim, Thomas P. K.; Luft, Ulrich C.; Grodins, Fred S.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1958.13.3.317

Cited by 45 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Lung conductance was decreased in spontaneously breathing rabbits [Karczewski and Widdicombe, 1969] and sheep [Colebatch and Halmagyi, 1963]. In spontaneously breathing dogs [Lim et al, 1958] found no significant change in lung conductance after vagotomy, so that changes of airway calibre and lung compliance are not consistent with increased alveolar ventilation which might decrease the PaCO2. The insignificant arterial oxygen changes after vagotomy (Table III) are also consistent with these results.…”

Section: Effect Of Vagotomy On Animals Breathing Airmentioning

confidence: 84%

The Effects of Vagotomy on Ventilation and Blood Gas Composition in Dog, Sheep and Rabbit

Kashani

Haigh

1975

Exp Physiol

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The influence of vagotomy on resting arterial blood gases (PaCO2 and PaO2) and on the ventilatory responses to hypercapnia and hypoxia was studied in three different species of anaesthetized animals. After bilateral cervical vagotomy resting PaCO2 generally declined. In the dog, where this was studied more fully, resting PaCO2 declined significantly (8.13+O067 mm Hg) over several hours, but PaO2 changes were not significant.After vagotomy tidal volume (VT), but not frequency (f), increased with increasing chemical drive. It is concluded that the increase in frequency in response to increased CO2 or decreased 02 is dependent on the vagal mechanisms. [1880] suggested that stimulation of the vagus was ineffective in animals made apnoeic by hyperventilation. Rice [1938] reported that hypercapnia produced by increased respiratory dead space caused a decrease in the effectiveness of the vagal reflexes while Woldring [1965] showed that the sensitivity of the inspiratory muscles to a given change in lung volume in anaesthetized cats varied with the level of arterial PaCO2.Although it is well known that the vagus nerves are the afferent pathway for a number of respiratory reflexes affecting rate and depth of breathing and there is some information on the minute volume/end tidal PaCO2 relationship after vagotomy, it is not clear what influence the vagi exert on maintenance of a normal arterial CO2 tension. The present study endeavours to establish a more quantitative relationship between the effects of vagotomy on arterial blood gas tension in the resting state as well as during hypercapnia and hypoxia in three different species. METHODSExperiments were carried out in thirteen rabbits (body weight 1-9-3-7 kg), twenty dogs (7419-2 kg) and twelve sheep (22-0-43-0 kg). Food was withheld for 12 hr before the experiment but the animals were allowed free access to water.

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Section: Effect Of Vagotomy On Animals Breathing Airmentioning

confidence: 84%

The Effects of Vagotomy on Ventilation and Blood Gas Composition in Dog, Sheep and Rabbit

Kashani

Haigh

1975

Exp Physiol

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“…These recent results on the effects of vagotomy and of 260 W. KARCZEWSKI AND J. G. WIDDICOMBE efferent vagal stimulation show some similarities and some clear differences between cats (Olsen, Colebatch, Mebel, Nadel & Staub, 1965), dogs (Lim, Luft & Grodins, 1958;Nadel & Widdicombe, 1962;Olsen et al 1965;Green & Widdicombe, 1966) and sheep (Colebatch & Halmagyi, 1963). In recent studies on the role of the vagus nerves in drug induced bronchoconstrictions and anaphylaxis in anaesthetized rabbits (Karczewski & Widdicombe, 1969 a, b) we first determined (as control observations) the effect of vagotomy and efferent vagal stimulation on lung mechanics, breathing and some circulatory variables.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Bilateral vagotomy has no significant effect on lung compliance of cats (Olsen et al 1965), sheep (Colebatch & Halmagyi, 1963) and dogs (Lim et al 1958;Olsen et al 1965;Green & Widdicombe, 1966), whether spontaneously breathing or paralysed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of vagotomy, vagal cooling and efferent vagal stimulation on breathing and lung mechanics of rabbits

Karczewski¹,

Widdicombe²

1969

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. The effects of bilateral cervical vagotomy, of bilateral vagal cooling and of efferent vagal stimulation were studied on rabbits anaesthetized with pentobarbitone sodium. Total lung conductance, lung compliance, breathing frequency, tidal volume, end-tidal CO2 %, systemic arterial and right atrial blood pressures and heart rate were measured. Some of the rabbits were first paralysed and artificially ventilated.2. The changes in lung conductance were consistent with the presence of a tonic efferent vagal discharge in bronchoconstrictor fibres, reflexly damped down by a tonic afferent vagal discharge dilator to the airways, probably the Hering-Breuer inflation reflex.3. Neither vagotomy nor efferent vagal stimulation significantly influenced lung compliance, right atrial pressure or end-tidal C02 %; vagal cooling lowered end-tidal CO2 % in spontaneously breathing rabbits, but did not affect the other variables.4. Efferent vagal stimulation in the rabbit decreased lung conductance with no significant change in lung compliance.5. In the rabbit, vagal efferent activity affects primarily the larger (resistance) air passages with little action on the distal (complianceinfluencing) airways.

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“…Whereas a decrease in conductance (-280/o) on vagus cooling and an increase (+8%) on vagotomy were found in anesthetized, paralyzed, and artificially ventilated rabbits; surprisingly, reversed results were noted in spontaneously breathing rabbits (Karczewski and Widdicombe 1969). Bilateral cervical vagotomy has no significant effect on lung compliance of cats (Olsen et al 1965), sheep (Colebatch and Halmagyi 1963) or dogs (Lim et al 1958;Olsen et al 1965;Green and Widdicombe 1966). However, our experimental model, spontaneously breathing anesthetized dog, always shows a significant fall in dynamic pulmonary elastance (Edyn) on bilateral cervical vagal block with novocaine or vagotomy Ulmer 1979,1975;Ulmer and Islam 1974;Lanser et al 1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Role of vagus nerves and inhalative aerosols of acetylcholine and histamine on dynamic pulmonary elastance in anesthetized spontaneously breathing and artificially ventilated dog

Islam

Ulmer

1982

Res. Exp. Med.

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The role of the vagus nerves on resting respiratory resistance (R1) and dynamic lung elastance (Edyn) and the mechanism of action of inhaled aerosol of histamine (Hist) and acetylcholine (ACH) were studied in anesthetized spontaneously breathing and artificially ventilated dogs. Observations were also extended to study the effect of electrical stimuli to cut ends of both vagi alone and during inhalation of aerosols. Bilateral cervical vagal blockade by local application of novocaine solution (2.5%) or bilateral vagotomy reduced resting R1 and Edyn and prevented increase of these parameters following inhalation of aerosols of Hist or ACH in spontaneously breathing dogs. However, the similar vagal blockade or vagotomy in artificially ventilated animals showed neither an influence on resting R1 and Edyn nor could it prevent their increase following the exposure to aerosol of Hist or ACH. Electrical stimuli to the peripheral cut ends of vagi induced slight increase in R1 and Edyn, but the effect on heart rate and systemic blood pressure was very strong. The combined effects of aerosol of Hist or ACH and electrical stimuli were additive. It is concluded that inhalation of aerosol of Hist or ACH produced two kinds of effects on respiration: (1) Increased respiratory rates with reduced tidal volume and with bronchoconstriction which were vagus-dependent (spontaneous breathing model), and (2) bronchoconstriction which was a direct response of smooth muscle without involving a reflex (artificial ventilation model).

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Effects of Cervical Vagotomy on Pulmonary Ventilation and Mechanics

Cited by 45 publications

References 0 publications

The Effects of Vagotomy on Ventilation and Blood Gas Composition in Dog, Sheep and Rabbit

The Effects of Vagotomy on Ventilation and Blood Gas Composition in Dog, Sheep and Rabbit

The effect of vagotomy, vagal cooling and efferent vagal stimulation on breathing and lung mechanics of rabbits

Role of vagus nerves and inhalative aerosols of acetylcholine and histamine on dynamic pulmonary elastance in anesthetized spontaneously breathing and artificially ventilated dog

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